Agricultural Nanotechnology: Concepts, Benefits, and Risks
Nanotechnology is one of the utmost significant tools in modern agriculture is predicted to become a driving cost-effective force in the near future. Nanotechnology in agriculture has gained drive in the last decade with an abundance of public funding, bu
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Agricultural Nanotechnology: Concepts, Benefits, and Risks Jeyabalan Sangeetha, Devarajan Thangadurai, Ravichandra Hospet, Prathima Purushotham, Gururaja Karekalammanavar, Abhishek Channayya Mundaragi, Muniswamy David, Megha Ramachandra Shinge, Shivasharana Chandrabanda Thimmappa, Ram Prasad, and Etigemane Ramappa Harish
Abstract
Nanotechnology is one of the utmost significant tools in modern agriculture is predicted to become a driving cost-effective force in the near future. Nanotechnology in agriculture has gained drive in the last decade with an abundance of public funding, but the step of development is uncertain, even though many disciplines come under the agriculture system. This could be attributed to a unique nature of farm production whereby energy and matter are exchanged freely, the scale of demand of input materials constantly being enormous in contrast with industrial nanoproducts. The nanotechnologic intervention in farming has prospects for improving the efficiency of nutrient use through nanoformulations of fertilizers, surveillance and control of pests and diseases, improvement of new-generation pesticides, biosensors (which are exclusively used in remote
J. Sangeetha Department of Environmental Science, Central University of Kerala, Kasaragod, Kerala 671316, India D. Thangadurai (*) • R. Hospet • P. Purushotham • A.C. Mundaragi Department of Botany, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India e-mail: [email protected] G. Karekalammanavar • M. David • E.R. Harish Department of Zoology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India M.R. Shinge • S.C. Thimmappa Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Karnatak University, Dharwad, Karnataka 580003, India R. Prasad Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201313, India © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2017 R. Prasad et al. (eds.), Nanotechnology, DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-4573-8_1
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sensing devices for precision farming), clay-based nanoresources for precision water management, and reclamation of salt-affected lands. Keywords
Conventional farming • Nanotools • Nanoprocesses • Nanomaterials • Nanofertilizers • Nanopesticides
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Introduction
Nanotechnology refers to the engineering and restructuring of functional systems on the scale of molecules and atoms. It is an interdisciplinary field which has the potentiality for the drastic changes in the fields of medicine, food, pharmacology, and agriculture since the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Inadequate supply of food is the current major problem in developing countries, due to increasing population as a result of an impact on agricultural practices and productivity. The agricultural field broadly gets benefited by the nanotech-based devices to inspect diseases in a rapid manner, to enhance the capacity of the crop plants for the possible intake of minerals, and to lead molecular treatment of diseases (Huang et al. 2007). Nanotechnology for agricultural applications predominantly shows growth f
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