Al 2 O 3 -Water Nanofluids for Heat Transfer Application
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MRS Advances © 2019 Materials Research Society DOI: 10.1557/adv.2019.172
Al2O3-Water Nanofluids for Heat Transfer Application Lakshita Phor1, Tanuj Kumar2, Monika Saini1, Vinod Kumar1,* 1
Department of Physics, Deenbandhu Chhotu Ram University of Science and Technology, Murthal, Haryana, India
2
Department of Nano Sciences and Materials, Central University of Jammu, Jammu, India
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
This manuscript aims at synthesizing Al2O3-de-ionized water nanofluid and constructing a practical design of self-cooling device that does not require any external power input. Crystalline phase of powder was confirmed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed the various functional groups and absorption bands and average particle size was calculated to be 58.608 nm by Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) annealed at 900K. Experimental investigations were carried out to determine the effect of volume fraction of Al 2O3 nanoparticles in the nanofluid on the rate of heat transfer from heat load to heat sink. Temperature of heat load was taken as 80˚ C. According to our results, cooling by 15˚C, 13˚C and 12˚C was attained when volume fraction of nanoparticles was 1.5%, 1% and 0.5% respectively. The thermal conductivity was also measured and found to be increasing with the concentration of nanoparticles in nanofluid. Hence, indicating the use of nanofluids with suitable concentration in various cooling applications.
INTRODUCTION Energy efficient thermal management and heat transfer devices have gained considerable attention due to recent advancement in electronic and thermal systems. Conventional heat transfer liquids like water, engine oil, ethylene glycol have low thermal conductivity causing problems in the performance of the heat exchange devices. Choi (1995) [1] came up with an innovative idea of uniformly dispersing nano-sized
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particles in the base fluid called nanofluid. As compared to their base fluids, these nanofluids showed remarkable rise in thermal conductivity owing to the small size and high surface area of dispersed nanoparticles. Thermal conductivity of nanofluids is affected by various parameters like shape, size, composition, volume fraction of the suspended nanoparticles; and thermal conductivity, heat capacity and thermal expansion coefficient of the base liquid [2-4]. The most discussed phenomena behind the enhanced heat transfer properties of nanofluids at concentration less than 2% are thermo-convection of the fluid, exchange interactions and Brownian motion of dispersed nanoparticles. Brownian motion is the random movement of the nanoparticles in the base fluids, which is due to their collision with the molecules of base fluid [5,6]. Recent advances in technology and
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