Algorithm for vertical handover in cellular networks using fuzzy logic
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Algorithm for vertical handover in cellular networks using fuzzy logic Siddharth Goutam1
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Srija Unnikrishnan2
Received: 1 January 2020 / Accepted: 27 September 2020 Ó Bharati Vidyapeeth’s Institute of Computer Applications and Management 2020
Abstract The research paper aims to design and implement an algorithm for vertical handover in cellular networks. The algorithm is based on Fuzzy Logic and the main parameters considered are Received Signal Strength, Channel Capacity, Velocity of the User and distance from Base Station. We have studied the variation in the points of handover under the conditions of variation in the operating frequency of base stations. Keywords Vertical handover (VHO) Cellular networks Vertical handover decision algorithm (VHDA) Received signal strength (RSS) Channel capacity Fuzzy logic Base stations (BSs) Universe of discourse Network load
1 Introduction The presence of co-existing heterogeneous cellular networks necessitates an efficient handover algorithm in order to provide maximum advantage to mobile users [1]. The handover algorithm should essentially ensure that Quality of Service (QoS) is maintained and does not get & Siddharth Goutam [email protected] Srija Unnikrishnan [email protected] 1
Research Scholar, Electronics Engineering, Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues College of Engineering, Agnel Technical Education Complex, Fr. Agnel Ashram, Bandstand, Bandra (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 400050
2
Fr. Conceicao Rodrigues College of Engineering, Agnel Technical Education Complex, Fr. Agnel Ashram, Bandstand, Bandra (West), Mumbai, Maharashtra, India 400050
deteriorated [2]. Additional consideration of propagation characteristics helps in designing an efficient and effective handover decision algorithm [3–5]. The paper has been organized as follows: Sect. 2 provides the literature survey. Section 3 captures mathematical background. Section 4 gives the design and implementation part. Section 5 gives the simulation results. Section 6 captures analysis of results followed by conclusion and future scope in Sects. 7 and 8 respectively.
2 Literature survey In this research paper, we have considered the critical parameters for vertical handover in cellular networks. Through literature survey, we have studied and analyzed the path loss and made the improvisations on the models given by earlier researchers. The path loss prediction models can be categorized into three categories (i) empirical (ii) theoretical and (iii) site specific models [6]. The path loss is an important parameter in determining the coverage area of base stations, deciding optimal transmit powers and defining cell boundaries. The propagation model largely impacts signal attenuation and path loss. In turn, path loss governs the Received Signal Strength (RSS), the most crucial parameter that affects the quality of reception and points of handover [7]. The VHDA proposed by Sharma et al. considers predicted RSS and current RSS as input parameters. Prediction of RSS can be improve
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