Aloin alleviates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in rats by abrogating oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory cytokine
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Aloin alleviates doxorubicin‑induced cardiotoxicity in rats by abrogating oxidative stress and pro‑inflammatory cytokines Lalit Birari1 · Shivani Wagh1 · Kalpesh R. Patil1 · Umesh B. Mahajan1 · Banappa Unger2 · Sateesh Belemkar3 · Sameer N. Goyal4 · Shreesh Ojha5 · Chandragouda R. Patil1 Received: 10 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 August 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose Aloin, an anthraquinone present in the aloe species, possesses antiangiogenic, chemopreventive and antioxidant properties. It exerts cytotoxicity against breast cancer and ovarian cancer cell lines. These properties of aloin project it as a chemopreventive adjuvant to anticancer chemotherapy. Methods We evaluated the effect of concurrent oral administration of aloin against doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. The protective effects of aloin against DOX-induced toxicity were evident as a statistically significant inhibition of a rise in the biochemical markers of myocardial damage including lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinasemyocardial band (CK-MB), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). Results Aloin dose dependently inhibited the DOX-induced changes in ECG like increased ST-height and prolonged QT interval. It protected heart against the lipid peroxidation and restored the levels of antioxidative defenses: reduced glutathione, catalase and superoxide dismutase. Aloin prominently reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines- TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6. Notably, the significant protective effects of aloin were evident even at the strikingly lower doses of 1 and 5 mg/kg per day. Conclusion Our results highlight the necessity to further investigate the chemopreventive effects of aloin against other chemotherapeutic agents. Keywords Aloin · Doxorubicin · Oxidative stress · Cytokines
Introduction
* Chandragouda R. Patil [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
2
Pharmacology and Toxicology Division, ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Nehru Nagar, Belagavi, India
3
School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM & NMIMS, MPTP, Dist. Dhule, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra, India
4
Shri Vile Parle Kelavani Mandal’s Institute of Pharmacy, Dhule 424001, Maharashtra, India
5
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 17666, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Aloin, a mixture of anthraquinone diastereomers (aloin A-barbaloin and aloin B-isobarbaloin), from aloe plant is known for its purgative effects [1]. Apart from this, it possesses interesting biological effects including chemopreventive activity, antioxidant effect and selective cytotoxicity against breast cancer and ovarian cancer cells [2]. It inhibits angiogenesis, enhances melanogenesis and regulates transglutaminase a
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