Alternative Discourses on Modernization and Development East Asian P
This cutting edge work offers an alternative perspective on existing paradigms of modernization and development that originated in the West from the vantage point of non-western, late-modernizing societies. It considers how East Asian philosophical ideas
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Alternative Discourses on Modernization and Development
Kim Kyong-Dong
Alternative Discourses on Modernization and Development East Asian Perspectives
Kim Kyong-Dong Seoul National University Seoul, Korea (Republic of)
ISBN 978-981-10-3466-4 ISBN 978-981-10-3467-1 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-3467-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2017932648 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Cover illustration: © Boaz Rottem / Alamy Stock Photo Printed on acid-free paper This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by Springer Nature The registered company is Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04 Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
To my beloved family: Lee On-Jook, Kim Yojin, and Kim Jin, with affection and gratitude
Special Characters: Korean Alphabets and Chinese Ideograms
Chapter 1 I Ching (the Book of Change, 易經) yin-yang (음양 in Korean alphabet, 陰陽 in Chinese characters) ki (or chi; in Chinese, 기 in Korean , 氣 in Chinese) han (reads hahn or haan; 한 in Korean and 恨 in Chinese)
Chapter 2 Tao (道) self-transformation (tu hua; 獨化) the Principle (li; 理) to produce and reproduce (or creative creativity; sheng sheng; 生生) I (易) destiny (ming, fate; 命). nature (tzu jan; 自然) non-being (wu; 無) original non-being or pure being (pen-wu; 本無) t’ai-chi (the Great Ultimate or the Supreme Ultimate; 太極) wu-chi (the Ultimateless, Without Ultimate, or Non-Polar; 無極) movement or activity (tung; 動) quiescence (ching; 靜), Two Forms (liang yi; 兩儀) ch’ien (Heaven, the first hexagram of the I Ching; 乾) k’un (Earth, the second hexagram; 坤) the Great Harmony (t’ai-ho, 太和) vii
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Special Characters: Korean Alphabets and Chinese Ideograms
the Great Void or Vacuity (t’ai-hsu; 太虛) the Five Elements or Agents (wu-hsing; 五
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