Americans in Sumatra
There is a common belief that until recently Americans have preferred isolation to interest in remote areas such as Southeast Asia. This thesis can be tested by examining the history of American relations with a place on the opposite side of the globe fro
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James W. Gould SCRIPPS COLLEGE AND CLAREMONT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE
Americans •
In
Sumatra THE HAGUE
MARTINUS NIJHOFF
MARTINUS NI]HOFF
PUBLISHER
THE HAGUE
Sumatra is one of the largest islands in the world. Its 166,789 square mile area exceeds that of the third largest American state, California, and is larger than Italy. Lying athwart the shortest sea routes from Eastern Asia to Europe and the Eastern United States, its 1050 mile length is almost divided by the equator, which runs across it for 285 miles. Sumatra has always been of immense economic importance. Having offered spices, incense and gold since time immemorial, it now produces over one-third of the world's rubber. One-sixth of its tin comes from islands off its shore. 1961. VII and 185 pages. roy. 8vo.
Guilders 14.25
Contents Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
I
I The
I
Growing Interdependence of S1unatra and the United
States I873 to the Present
Political Interests at the start of the Atjeh War West Coast Exports to the U.S. Cassia. . . . . . Rattan. . . . . Nutmeg and Mace Damar. . . . . Benzoin. . . . . Other West-Coast Products Eastern Sumatra Imports to the United States. Native Agricultural Products Imported From Sumatra's East Coast. Gambir. . Sago . . . Patchouli . Dragon's Blood Other Native Products of the East Coast Modern Plantation Crops of the East Coast of Sumatra Palm Oil . . Hard Fibers. Tea . . . . Naval Stores. The Interdependence of the United States and Sumatra.
4 II
14 15 16 16 17 18 18 23
25 26 26
27 27 27 32 33
35 35 36
MARTINUS NIJHOFF II
I Black
PUBLISHER
-
THE HAGUE
Gold - The History of American Enterprise
~n
In-
donesian Oil Development
American-; Establish the Kerosene Trade Americans Develop the First Sumatran Oil . Standard Tries to get Sumatran Production. Dissolution of Standard and Founding of N.K.P.M. The American Government steps into the Djambi Oil Dispute. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Prewar Development by American Oil Firms. World War II . . . . . . . . . . . The Americans Return after the War. The Development of Central Sumatra. Benefits to Indonesia. . . . . . . Activities of Other American Firms. Prospects for the Future . . . . .
III /
41 45 47 52
55
62 66 68 71
75 77 79
Wealth from Trees - The History of American Enterprise in Indonesian Rubber
Early Imports of Rubber from Sumatra. Earliest American ventures in Rubber. . . . . . . U.S. Rubber creates the World's Largest Plantation U.S. Rubber Pioneers in Scientific Production of Rubber Rubber during World War I. . . . . . . . . . . . . Four Other American companies join U.S. Rubber in Sumatra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The Flag Follows Trade: A Consulate opened at Medan. Rubber Restriction. . The Great Depression. . . World War II. . . . . . Postwar Re-Establishment. Since the Korean War . Prospects for the Future .
81 82
84 87 90
91 95 97 102 103 105
108 II 0
PUBLISHER
MARTINUS NIJHOFF IV
I American
THE HAGUE
Contributions to Education, Religiolts and Secular
The Martyrdom of M
