Amino acid profile of food fishes with potential to diversify fish farming activity
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Amino acid profile of food fishes with potential to diversify fish farming activity Carla Cristina Lise1 • Caroline Marques1 • Fa´tima Soares Bonadimann1 Edimir Andrade Pereira1 • Marina Leite Mitterer-Daltoe´1
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Revised: 10 August 2020 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 Ó Association of Food Scientists & Technologists (India) 2020
Abstract In Brazil, 47% of the fish farming correspond to the tilapia species, and the main producers are the south and northeast regions. This work aimed at characterizing the amino acid profile of three fishes with the potential for rearing and diversification in Brazil and worldwide. The fishes grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), and catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) were obtained from a rural property located in the city of Pato Branco, PR, Brazil, and analyzed regarding the amino acid composition through High-Performance Liquid Chromatography. The amino acid profile showed the presence of glutamic acid, followed by lysine, aspartic acid, and leucine as the most prominent amino acids for the three fishes. Among the studied species, the grass carp presented the highest content of essential amino acids, registering all values superior to the minimum recommendation standards determined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The disclosure of the significant nutritional value presented by
& Marina Leite Mitterer-Daltoe´ [email protected] Carla Cristina Lise [email protected] Caroline Marques [email protected] Fa´tima Soares Bonadimann [email protected] Edimir Andrade Pereira [email protected] 1
Master’s Program in Chemical and Biochemical Processes Technology, Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Technology of Parana, Km 01, Pato Branco, Parana´ 85503-390, Brazil
these species consolidate their protein quality and expand possibilities to improve the fish farming and development of derivative products. Keywords Ctenopharyngodon idella Piaractus mesopotamicus Ictalurus punctatus HPLC Protein Composition
Introduction Fish are considered a protein source with high nutritional value, rich in essential amino acids, unsaturated fatty acids, and of easy digestibility (Mohanty et al. 2017), which makes it essential for consumption. In 2016, 47% of the fish farming corresponded to the tilapia species, mostly produced in cages. The farms in the south and northeast regions of Brazil were the main tilapia producers, indicating the lack of species’ diversification (Zaniboni-Filho et al. 2018) in the territory. Moreover, Brazil is characterized by the low fish consumption, a value of 9.6 kg/inhabitant/year, inferior to the 12 kg/inhabitant/year recommended by FAO and the 20 kg/inhabitant/year of the global average (FAO 2016). Despite the fact that the Brazilian population does not exhibit the habit of consuming fish, the intent exists (Mitterer-Daltoe´ et al. 2013a). This means that the population has the potential to increase the consumption of this vital source of
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