An acute increase in water temperature can decrease the swimming performance and energy utilization efficiency in rainbo
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An acute increase in water temperature can decrease the swimming performance and energy utilization efficiency in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Leiming Yin & Lei Chen & Maolin Wang & Hongquan Li & Xiaoming Yu
Received: 23 March 2020 / Accepted: 5 November 2020 # Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract In order to evaluate the effects of acute temperature exposure on the swimming performance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), the critical swimming speed (Ucrit) and oxygen consumption rates (MO2) were determined at different temperatures (13.2, 18.4, and 22.5 °C). The Ucrit and MO2 of different body mass (109.44, 175.74, and 249.42 g) fish were also obtained at 13.4 °C. The Ucrit first increased as the temperature increased from 13.2 to 15.2 °C, which was calculated to be the optimal temperature for the Ucrit, and then decreased with increasing temperature. The optimal swimming speed (Uopt) showed a similar trend to the Ucrit. At a given swimming speed, the MO2 and cost of transport (COT) were significantly higher at 22.5 than at 13.2 °C, suggesting the energy utilization efficiency decreased with increasing temperature. The absolute values of Ucrit and Uopt increased as the body mass increased from 109.44 to 249.42 g, whereas the relative values decreased. Although not statistically significant, the maximum metabolic rate (MMR) tended to increase with temperature but decrease with body mass. Results can be of value in understanding the behavioral and physiological response of rainbow trout to acute temperature change.
Keywords Cost of transport . Critical swimming speed . Maximum metabolic rate . Optimal swimming speed . Temperature . Body mass L. Yin : L. Chen : M. Wang : H. Li : X. Yu (*) Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China’s Sea, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian 116023, China e-mail: [email protected]
Introduction Evidence suggests that swimming performance is among the most important factors for the survival of fish because it is related to maintaining position, schooling, food capture, predator avoidance, feeding, and reproductive migration (Reidy et al. 2000; Palstra and Planas 2011). Swimming performance can be classified into sustained and prolonged swimming or burst swimming (Beamish 1978; Webb 1984). Sustained and prolonged swimming speeds are fueled aerobically and commonly employed in searching for food, obtaining mates and seeking favorable conditions (Hammer 1995; Yan et al. 2012). In contrast, burst swimming speed is considered to be fueled anaerobically and usually used by fishes when trying to catch prey or to avoid attack and sudden disturbance (Reidy et al. 2000; Plaut 2001). A range of intrinsic and extrinsic factors, such as age, body size, water temperature, salinity, and pollutant, have significant effects on the swimming performance of fish (Goulding et al. 2013; He et al. 2013a; Christensen et al. 2018). The relationship between temperature and swimming speed can be described as a bell-shaped curve. The swi
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