An analogy of Canavalia lectins by molecular phylogenetic characterization
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
An analogy of Canavalia lectins by molecular phylogenetic characterization Geetha Suvarna1 · Bhagya B. Sharma1 Received: 5 March 2020 / Revised: 4 June 2020 / Accepted: 19 June 2020 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2020
Abstract Concanavalin is a highly revered plant lectin with wide biological significance. Canavalia lectins of the Diocleinae subtribe possess increased structural similarity, but vary in their biological roles and applications. The lectin gene sequences of C. cathartica (ConC), C. ensiformis (ConA), C. gladiata (ConG) and C. rosea (ConM) were sequenced, PCR amplified, collated and compared with members of Phaseoleae tribe. Comparison of nucleotide sequences reveals changes in few bases. All Canavalia spp. diverged from C. bonariensis in the phylogenetic trees constructed according to the nucleotide sequences and the corresponding protein sequence of the legume lectins. The fluctuations in root mean square deviation derived by superimposition of monomers and tetramers substantiate variability in sugar specificity and biological activities. Keywords Canavalia · Concanavalin · Morphology · Homology · Phylogeny Abbreviations ConA Concanavalin A ConBr Concanavalin Br CaBo Concanavalin Bo ConC Concanavalin C ConG Concanavalin G ConM Concanavalin M PCR Polymerase chain reaction PDB Protein data bank rmsd root mean square deviation value TM-score Template modelling score CRD Carbohydrate recognition domain ETS External transcribed spacer ITS Internal transcribed spacer trnK TRNALys(UUU) gene matK MaturaseK gene
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s42485-020-00041-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Bhagya B. Sharma [email protected] 1
Centre for Environmental Studies, Yenepoya (Deemed to be University), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka 575018, India
Introduction The genus Canavalia includes about 60 species distributed pantropically belonging to Diocleinae subtribe of Phaseoleae tribe in the Leguminosae family (The Plant List 2010). Most of them are tolerant to severe environmental conditions and commonly prevail in coasts, mangroves and interior habitats. Morphological differences are obvious in these legume ecotypes in terms of growth, colour and size of seeds, flower colour and pod size. Differences are also reported in their physicochemical, nutritional and anti-nutritional composition. The genus Canavalia is considered to be an underutilized legume. The seeds are considered to be a cheap source of protein and other nutrients. Tender pods, beans and seeds of these plants are edible and they are cultivated as fodder crops and cover crops to cater agriculture (Bhagya and Sridhar 2009; Rajaram and Janardhanan 1992; Seena et al. 2005). Leaves and roots are used in traditional medicine (Bapuji and Ratnam 2009; Bhagya and Sridhar 2009). Seeds of Canavalia contain certain anti-nutritional substances of which the lectin concanavalin is the most important and wid
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