An economic method for the identification of catfish hybrids using microsatellites: a case study of Pseudoplatystoma met
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An economic method for the identification of catfish hybrids using microsatellites: a case study of Pseudoplatystoma metaense × Leiarius marmoratus hybrids Laura Vanessa Solarte‑Murillo1 · Iván David Sandoval‑Herrera1 · Jaime Alberto Marín‑Colorado1 · José Ariel Rodríguez‑Pulido2 Received: 10 June 2019 / Accepted: 18 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The hybrids of pimelodid catfish provide products of excellent genetic value for aquaculture due to their greater growth in size, resistance to diseases and adaptation to feed concentrate. However, this practice involves risks such as genetic contamination, the commercialization of hybrid products as pure species, the introduction of exotic species and escapes of fish farming products. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate microsatellites for the identification of hybrids between Pseudoplatystoma metaense and Leiarius marmoratus. Genomic DNA extraction was achieved from fin tissue and nine heterologous microsatellites previously reported in the literature were amplified: Pcor01, Pcor02, Pcor05, Pcor10, Phrac02, Phrac07, Phrac09, Prt03, and Prt30. The DNA extraction resulted in high concentrations and a good DNA quality with absorbance values at 260/280 nm between 1.96 and 2.07. The microsatellites Pcor10, Phrac02, Phrac07 and Prt03 indicated heterozygosity patterns in the agarose gel for hybrids, with the presence of two diagnostic bands. Our results showed that these microsatellites are a powerful and economic tool for identifying interspecific hybridization, without requiring genotyping or sequencing. Here, we made the first report of amplification of these microsatellites for the endemic species of the Orinoco basin Pseudoplatystoma metaense, useful information for population and phylogeny studies. We also highlight the importance of using molecular identification techniques for hybrids and we invite the aquaculture industry to conserve good management practices in the fish farming areas. Thereby, hybrids do not compromise the sustainable development of aquaculture or pose serious risks for native and wild species. Keywords Artificial hybridization · Fish farming · Heterosis · Molecular markers · Pimelodidae
Introduction
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s12686-020-01166-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Laura Vanessa Solarte‑Murillo [email protected] 1
BIORINOQUIA Research Group, Faculty of Basic Sciences and Engineering, Universidad de Los Llanos, Vereda Barcelona, Km 12 Highway Puerto López, 1745 Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
GRITOX Research Group, Institute of Aquaculture, Universidad de Los Llanos-IALL, Km 12 Highway Puerto López, Vereda Barcelona, Villavicencio, Meta, Colombia
2
Cultures of catfish from the Pimelodidae family have increased in recent years in Colombia and international aquaculture because of the market’s preference for its meat, and as an alternative to diminish the eff
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