An Efficient Design of Parallel and Serial Shift Registers Based on Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata
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An Efficient Design of Parallel and Serial Shift Registers Based on Quantum-Dot Cellular Automata Shuyan Fan 1 & Maryam Sadat Khamesinia 2 Received: 16 May 2020 / Accepted: 25 July 2020/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is considered as rising nanotechnology, which offers computer calculations at the stage of nano by employing molecular modules as calculational modules. Employing this engineering leads to lower splinter region along less power dissipation and can remove the spatial constraints of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) procedure. Shift registers generally utilize currents in a smart scheme. Therefore, modeling these constructions, along with higher consistency and strength, is significant. This article uses a robust dual-edge triggered QCA-based D flip flops. Efficient parallel-in-parallel-out (PIPO) and serial input-serial output (SISO) QCA-based shift registers are also introduced. The simulation and functionality of the suggested constructions have been verified with QCA designer, and their credit is also verified. Presented architectures contain proper QCA execution and provide the minimum difficulty and occupy an area rather than previous constructions. These circuits achieve a noticeable improvement in cell number. Keywords Shift register . Serial-input-serial-output (SISO) . Parallel-input-parallel-output (PIPO) . Edge triggered . D flip flop . Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA)
1 Introduction Recently, the researches in the nanostructures and quantum dot fields have gained much attention [1–4]. Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) as a new electronic paradigm is possibly going to be the main hopeful substitute for future high performance integrated circuits [5–9]. Following the * Shuyan Fan [email protected] Maryam Sadat Khamesinia [email protected]
1
College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211816, China
2
Department of Computer Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Saveh, Iran
International Journal of Theoretical Physics
apparent reduction of property extent of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) systems, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology has met many critical challenges and problems [10–13]. In recent years, research attempts have been concentrated on novel devices to substitute CMOS technology. In this regard, QCA has more attractive due to its ability for performing standard calculations with its vast computation switching velocity, down potency dissipation, and little measures [14–18]. Logic states of QCA are expressed by cells that are constructed from two extra electrons and four quantum dots [19–22]. Information is transmitted through interactions among QCA cells. Therefore, it only eludes flow discharge in circuits [23–27]. One of the most popular sequential circuits is the shift register, which is broadly used in digital systems. The presentation of many digital flows
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