An Evaluation of Human Error Probabilities for Critical Failures in Auxiliary Systems of Marine Diesel Engines
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
An Evaluation of Human Error Probabilities for Critical Failures in Auxiliary Systems of Marine Diesel Engines Hakan Demirel 1 Received: 4 September 2019 / Accepted: 12 May 2020 # Harbin Engineering University and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Human error, an important factor, may lead to serious results in various operational fields. The human factor plays a critical role in the risks and hazards of the maritime industry. A ship can achieve safe navigation when all operations in the engine room are conducted vigilantly. This paper presents a systematic evaluation of 20 failures in auxiliary systems of marine diesel engines that may be caused by human error. The Cognitive Reliability Error Analysis Method (CREAM) is used to determine the potentiality of human errors in the failures implied thanks to the answers of experts. Using this method, the probabilities of human error on failures were evaluated and the critical ones were emphasized. The measures to be taken for these results will make significant contributions not only to the seafarers but also to the ship owners. Keywords Marine diesel engine . Human error prediction . Cognitive Reliability Error Analysis Method . Critical failures . Marine engineering
1 Introduction The maritime industry is under constant risk of human factor– related errors, such as occurrences stemming from lack of supervision or fatigue. In this context, Akyuz (2016) reported that the mitigation of human errors to prevent accidents can help identify and scrutinize human error probabilities. However, no emphasis is laid on the identification of human error probabilities in the maintenance procedures of marine diesel engines. Marine engine room management requires effective elimination of human errors to reduce accidents. Harmony and cooperation among seafarers must exist for a system to operate successfully. Equipment and system Article Highlights • Human error probabilities for 20 critical failures in ship diesel engine operation are studied. • The CREAM method extended by experts’ opinions is proposed. • A practical suggestion is expressed for ship’s safety inspectors, managers, and ocean environmentalists. * Hakan Demirel [email protected] 1
Department of Marine Engineering, Maritime Faculty, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University, 67300 Zonguldak, Turkey
resources should be designated in accordance with program and standard operation procedures, periodic checks, and updated information. Under challenging and changing circumstances, maintenance operations in diesel engines demand commitment and high level of human-machine interaction. The weather conditions, ambient temperature, ship motions, noise, and vibration, workload, and stress are direct factors that influence the operational status of seafarers. For example, extreme weather conditions may adversely affect the performance of seafarers in the engine room, increase the incidence frequency, and lead to causalities. Consequently, the system fails to operate. To better m
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