An Evaluation of Japanese Environmental Regulations Quantitative App
Focusing on air pollution, energy efficiency and climate change, this book provides a unique introduction to Japan’s environmental policies and regulations, and offers economic analyses and RIAs (Regulatory Impact Analysis) of environmental regulations im
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Evaluation of Japanese Environmental Regulations Quantitative Approaches from Environmental Economics
An Evaluation of Japanese Environmental Regulations
Toshi H. Arimura • Kazuyuki Iwata
An Evaluation of Japanese Environmental Regulations Quantitative Approaches from Environmental Economics
Toshi H. Arimura Faculty of Political Science and Economics Waseda University Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
Kazuyuki Iwata Faculty of Regional Policy Takasaki City University of Economics Kaminamie, Takasaki, Gunma, Japan
ISBN 978-94-017-9946-1 ISBN 978-94-017-9947-8 DOI 10.1007/978-94-017-9947-8
(eBook)
Library of Congress Control Number: 2015939693 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg New York London © Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Science+Business Media B.V. Dordrecht is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Preface
Japan has overcome several severe environmental challenges. An obvious example is air pollution. Ambient air quality had deteriorated in the 1960s and 1970s, similar to the current situation in China and other Asian countries. It improved after regulations on emissions from stationary sources were implemented. However, in metropolitan areas such as Tokyo and Osaka, the problem persisted through the 1990s as a result of mobile sources. Japan overcame the problem of emissions from mobile sources by implementing a unique statute, the NOx-PM Act. This unique Japanese experience, however, has not been shared with the global community. Another unique aspect of the Japanese environmental situation is the high level of commercial energy efficiency. The Japanese government introduced the Energy Conservation Act to promote energy efficiency. It is unclear, however, whether the observed efficiency gains are the result of private firms’ self-motivation or of government energy efficiency policy. Although numerous environmental regulations and policies have been imp
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