An exploratory evaluation of the potential pulmonary, neurological and other health effects of chronic exposure to emiss
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SHORT RESEARCH AND DISCUSSION ARTICLE
An exploratory evaluation of the potential pulmonary, neurological and other health effects of chronic exposure to emissions from municipal solid waste fires at a large dumpsite in Olusosun, Lagos, Nigeria Olorunfemi Adetona 1,2 & Obianuju B. Ozoh 3
&
Temilola Oluseyi 4 & Queen Uzoegwu 4 & James Odei 1,2 & Maria Lucas 1,2
Received: 22 August 2019 / Accepted: 11 June 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Open municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion is a major emission source of particulate air pollution, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and more exotic hazardous organic pollutants including polychlorinated biphenyls and brominated flame retardants. However, the adverse impact of MSW combustion emission on health among the general population is unknown. Therefore, a cross-sectional study was conducted to explore the associations between potential exposure to MSW combustionrelated air pollution and symptoms of adverse health effects among residents of a community adjacent to a large open landfill in Lagos, Nigeria. Using ordinal logistic regression and controlling for age, sex, and smoking, it was observed that residence for ≥ 11 years had increased odds (p < 0.05) of daily occurrence of tingling/numbness/whiteness of fingers (2.614), headaches (2.725), memory problems (2.869), tremor/cramps (2.748), and confusion (3.033) among other symptoms. These results indicate adverse health impacts of chronic exposure to MSW combustion emission. Keywords Municipal solid waste . Landfill . Dumpsite . Combustion . Air pollution . Health effects . Symptoms
Introduction Uncontrolled open municipal solid waste (MSW) combustion is a major source of ambient air pollution with a contribution of 29% of anthropogenic release of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5: PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm) into Responsible Editor: Philippe Garrigues Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-09701-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Obianuju B. Ozoh [email protected] 1
Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
2
Division of Biostatistics, College of Public Health,, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
3
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine,, University of Lagos, Lagos,, Nigeria
4
Department of Chemistry,, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria
ambient air (Wiedinmyer et al. 2014). Open burning of MSW is a global activity of public health concern. It occurs in high income countries (HICs) mostly in less densely populated rural areas, but on a more intense scale in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) (Kodros et al. 2016; Wiedinmyer et al. 2014). Open MSW combustion in many LMICs often occurs on large dumpsites that are located in highly populated urban metropolitan areas (Kodros et al. 2016). Consequently, there is potential for exposure of substantial populations to res
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