An Improved Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol for Increasing the Life Time of Wireless Sensor Networks
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An Improved Energy Efficient Clustering Protocol for Increasing the Life Time of Wireless Sensor Networks Salim El Khediri1,2 · Nejah Nasri3 · Rehan Ullah Khan1 · Abdennaceur Kachouri3
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract The intention behind this article is to devise a fresh clustering algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks. The major aspiration is to curtail the energy utilization at the cluster building and data transmission levels to the Base Station. The algorithms offered are not dedicated to a particular type of sensor network or a specific application. We consider several parameters when choosing Cluster Head such as energy, degree and distance. These parameters have been studied separately or in combination in several literature works and their efficiency in terms of energy utilization and structural stability have been shown. The proposed approach is termed as the Distance Energy Evaluated (DEE) Approach. The DEE approach has lower intricacy in message size. The proposed approach is tested by running various MATLAB simulations. The results illustrate that our proposed protocol has shown significant improvement as compared to other approaches in terms of the lifespan of the network and energy usage. Keywords Clustering · WSN’s · Cluster head · Base station · Sensor node · Energy efficiency · Lifetime
* Salim El Khediri [email protected] Nejah Nasri [email protected] Abdennaceur Kachouri [email protected] 1
Department of Information Technology, College of Computer, Qassim University, Buraydha, Saudi Arabia
2
Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, University of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
3
Laboratory of Electronics and Information Technology (LETI), National Engineering School of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
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1 Introduction WSNs are ad hoc networks generally made up of miniaturized autonomous entities called sensor nodes (SNs) that can communicate with each other by radio links. The WSN’s have gained great enthusiasm in recent research, notably due to new routing problems under strong constraints of network lifetime and low remaining battery capacity [1]. Despite the miniaturization and reduction in manufacturing cost, they generally have limited resources in terms of transmission power, data processing and storage capacity and energy. For example, the MICAs sensor from the manufacturer Crossbow has an 8-bit Atmel ATMega128L microcontroller with a clock frequency of 8 MHz, a 512 KB flash memory, a 4 KB EEPROM and a transceiver whose speed limited to 250 Kbps. These material constraints have influenced a large part of the research issues of the domain. The major apprehension is constraining the lifetime of the network given the inaccessible nature of surveillance zones (it is often impossible to recharge or replace the node batteries after they are exhausted). This poses a problem of energy conservation, particularly if the application must graft for a long time. In additi
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