An Informal Conceptual Introduction to Turbulence
This book is a second completely revised edition of An Informal Introduction to Turbulence. The main emphasis is on conceptual and problematic aspects, physical phenomena, observations, misconceptions and unresolved issues rather than on conventional form
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FLUID MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS Volume 92 Series Editor:
R. MOREAU MADYLAM Ecole Nationale Supérieure d’Hydraulique de Grenoble Boîte Postale 95 38402 Saint Martin d’Hères Cedex, France
Aims and Scope of the Series The purpose of this series is to focus on subjects in which fluid mechanics plays a fundamental role. As well as the more traditional applications of aeronautics, hydraulics, heat and mass transfer etc., books will be published dealing with topics which are currently in a state of rapid development, such as turbulence, suspensions and multiphase fluids, super and hypersonic flows and numerical modeling techniques. It is a widely held view that it is the interdisciplinary subjects that will receive intense scientific attention, bringing them to the forefront of technological advancement. Fluids have the ability to transport matter and its properties as well as to transmit force, therefore fluid mechanics is a subject that is particularly open to cross fertilization with other sciences and disciplines of engineering. The subject of fluid mechanics will be highly relevant in domains such as chemical, metallurgical, biological and ecological engineering. This series is particularly open to such new multidisciplinary domains. The median level of presentation is the first year graduate student. Some texts are monographs defining the current state of a field; others are accessible to final year undergraduates; but essentially the emphasis is on readability and clarity.
For other titles published in this series, go to www.springer.com/series/5980
Arkady Tsinober
An Informal Conceptual Introduction to Turbulence Second Edition of An Informal Introduction to Turbulence
With 115 Figures
123
Prof. Dr. Arkady Tsinober Tel Aviv University Fac. Engineering 69 978 Tel Aviv Israel [email protected]
ISSN: 0926-5112 ISBN: 978-90-481-3173-0 e-ISBN: 978-90-481-3174-7 DOI 10.1007/978-90-481-3174-7 Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York Library of Congress Control Number: 2009930633 © Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2009 No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Cover image: eStudio Calamar S.L. Printed on acid-free paper Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
T O MY WIFE
PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION The subject of turbulence remains and probably will remain as the most exciting one for the mind of researchers in a variety of fields. Since publication of the first edition of this book in November 2001 a number of other books on turbulence have appeared, for example Bernard and Wallace (2002), Oberlack and Busse (2002), Foias et al. (2001), Biskamp (2003), Davidson (2004), Jovanovich (2004), Sagaut
