An intelligent and cost-effective method for single-phase fault location in conventional distribution systems
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ORIGINAL PAPER
An intelligent and cost‑effective method for single‑phase fault location in conventional distribution systems Rahman Dashti1 · Ehsan Gord2 · Mojtaba Najafi2 · Hamid Reza Shaker3 Received: 27 June 2019 / Accepted: 26 April 2020 © Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Fault location in medium voltage (MV) electricity distribution networks has always been a challenge, in particular, for the last few years. The existence of information only at the beginning of the feeder and the complexity of the widespread and scattered distribution networks make fault location of MV distribution networks a difficult task. The performance of most of the existing methods for fault location is compromised when dealing with today’s MV distribution grid. In this paper, a new fault location method is introduced for MV distribution networks, using transient frequency analysis. The transient caused by fault in the network is analyzed. The main idea of fault location algorithm is to determine and measure the Analysis Index. The location of fault is identified through the relationship between the proposed Analysis Index and different sections in the distribution feeder. In order to evaluate and analyze the proposed method, at first a standard IEEE 11-node network is simulated and tested in MATLAB software, then the same procedure is repeated for a real 69-node network. The results confirm a good performance. Keywords Fault location · Distribution systems protection · Analysis Index · Transient response analysis
1 Introduction An early and accurate fault location in electricity power networks speeds up the repair and service restoration; therefore, it is necessary and important. Nowadays, most of the distribution companies locate faults using traditional methods which are based on inspection and testing, consumer’s calls, and protection relay performance. The problems with these * Hamid Reza Shaker [email protected] Rahman Dashti [email protected] Ehsan Gord [email protected] Mojtaba Najafi [email protected] 1
Clinical and Laboratory Center of Power System and Protection, Engineering Faculty, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr 7516913817, Iran
2
Department of Electrical Engineering, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
3
Center for Energy Informatics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
traditional methods are: (1) the high impedance earth faults may not be detected by the relay protection and in such cases the process can only start after notification from customers. This is not accurate and delays the process due to lack of receiving a sufficient number of early calls, such as when a fault occurs very late at night or when costumers are not at home. On the other hand, handling too many calls would also require time and resources, and is therefore not efficient. (2) Fault location based on an educated guess by an experienced operator is not accurate and not reliable and depends highly on the level of experience of the operator. (3) The curr
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