An overview of climate change and variability impact studies in Nigeria
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REVIEW PAPER
An overview of climate change and variability impact studies in Nigeria Da’u Abba Umar 1 & Mohammad Firuz Ramli 2 & Ahmad Zaharin Aris 2 & Wan Nor Azmin Sulaiman 2 & Muhammad Amar Zaudi 2 & Abubakar Ibrahim Tukur 3 Received: 15 February 2018 / Accepted: 4 September 2019 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2019
Abstract The current review discussed the major research advances on the impacts of climate change and variability on various resource sectors in Nigeria. The paper analyses the direction, priorities, and spatial dimension of the climate impact studies in the country alongside the methodological advances. From the findings, studies on the impact of climate on agriculture dominated the review, while studies related to the impact of climate on health and water resources were the least prioritized. In terms of the spatial location of these studies, the review indicated that only 33% of the studies conducted are from the fragile semi-arid region of the country. Although the review has indicated some improvement in the methodological advances, yet, the use of climate and hydrological models has not been very popular in the midst of the reviewed climate studies, and this is probably due to insufficient hydrometeorological data. Most of these studies were found to use simple statistical techniques, perhaps due to their simplicity compared with the climate and hydrological models and less data demanding. More climate impact studies are recommended using advanced techniques such as climate and hydrological models particularly in the semi-arid region of the country where such impacts prove devastating and will likely be more so in the future. Keywords Climate variability . Land use change . Hydrological modelling . Semi-arid environment
Introduction Climate change connotes the change of climate which is linked directly or indirectly to an anthropogenic activity that modifies the configuration of the global atmosphere on top of the natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods (Chukwuma 2014). Climate change encompasses the change in both the mean climatological values and the variaResponsible Editor: Zhihua Zhang * Da’u Abba Umar [email protected] Mohammad Firuz Ramli [email protected] 1
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Federal University Dutse, Dutse, Nigeria
2
Faculty of Environmental Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia UPM, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
3
Department of Geography, Kano State University of Science and Technology, Wudil, Nigeria
tion within these values. The expected change in mean climatic circumstances is likely to be a slow process, happening over numerous decades (López-Moreno et al. 2014). However, climate variability pronounces the seasonal changes, interannual inconsistencies, and the likely frequency of extreme weather-related events such as floods and droughts (Zhao et al. 2016). This variability is repeatedly an ongoing burden within people’s lives. Climate change and variability are regularly discussed in the literature, an
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