Analysis methods for pile foundation: a critical review of the literature and recommended suggestions
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STATE-OF-THE-ART PAPER
Analysis methods for pile foundation: a critical review of the literature and recommended suggestions Sushilkumar B. Magade1 · Ramakant K. Ingle2 Received: 31 July 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
Abstract Pile cap foundation is a type of deep foundation. These types of foundations are used when soil, constructional or economical condition makes it necessary to transfer load of structure to the soil strata which are beyond the reach of shallow foundation. Foundation of any structures transfers the total super-structural load to soil. In case of deep foundation, the process of rehabilitation or repair is quite difficult. Hence, it should be designed properly to satisfy strength, serviceability, economic and constructability requirement. Investigation on all parameters related to these requirements is now in process, under order to develop an effective and simple approach for design of such foundations. In the present paper various methods for analysis of pile foundation are discussed in comprehensive manner. Moreover, suggestions are recommended on the basis of existing analysis methods. Keywords Pile cap · Numerical analysis · Deep foundation · Strength
Introduction The use of pile cap foundation to support different types of structures has increased significantly in the past three decades. In comparison with other pile foundations, the use of pile cap foundation can be recognized as economical foundation for any type of structure. Moreover, pile cap foundation has capabilities to satisfy the most important design requirements over other types of foundations. Nowadays, pile cap foundation is rigorously used in buildings and bridges because it reduces the settlement of structure and increases bearing capacity of foundation. Increase in the use of pile cap foundation around the worldwide requires more studies and research to develop simple and reliable design guidelines. In this paper some of the existing experimental * Sushilkumar B. Magade [email protected] Ramakant K. Ingle [email protected] 1
Department of Civil Engineering, MIT Academy of Engineering, Dehu Fata, Alandi, Pune, Maharashtra 412105, India
Department of Applied Mechanics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Abhyankar Nagar, Nagpur, Maharashtra 440010, India
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and analytical studies are discussed for analysis and design of pile cap.
Methods for analysis and design of pile cap Extensive research has been carried out for analysis and design of pile cap. The main design objectives for design of pile caps are pile caps should carry shear forces and bending moments safely and it should be deep enough to provide adequate bond length for pile reinforcement and column starter bars. Following are the widely used methods for designing the pile cap.
Conventional approach This is very old approach used for design of pile cap. Deign of pile cap with this approach follows the procedure given below: Step I: Estimate pile capacity first and then
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