Analysis of COVID-19 Pandemic Using Artificial Intelligence
The emerging issue of COVID-19, which is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a significant problematic issue. This disease has impacted worldwide and covered the globe in its threat. Scientists and physicians have been investigating pathophysiological
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Mexico City, Mexico [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] 2 Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico [email protected] 3 University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Kasur, Pakistan [email protected] 4 New York, USA
Abstract. The emerging issue of COVID-19, which is caused by the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is a significant problematic issue. This disease has impacted worldwide and covered the globe in its threat. Scientists and physicians have been investigating pathophysiological aspects of this pandemic to understand the virus structure for the treatment development. In this mini review, we briefly discuss the characteristics of SARS-CoV-2, its origin, diagnosis, and treatment. This study will provide an understanding of the role of artificial intelligence in this emerging COVID-19 pandemic along with the impact in our society, economy, health, and industrial level. Keywords: Pandemics · COVID-19 · Artificial intelligence · SARS-CoV-2
1 Introduction Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a syndrome that causes a respiratory illness with multiple signs and symptoms. The severity of respiratory illness may vary from mild respiratory distress to severe respiratory illness (SARS). COVID-19 belongs to the same family with different characteristics, which is now called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) or 2019-nCoV. COVID-19 is a single-stranded, pleomorphic or spherical, positive-sense, and an enveloped RNA virus. This Virus has an envelope made up of lipid bilayer in which spike proteins, envelope proteins, and membrane proteins are embedded. The envelope exhibits club-shaped projections of glycoprotein. The RNA is embedded with nucleocapsid protein. Unlike coronaviruses group 2, SARS-CoV does not bear a hemagglutinin esterase glycoprotein [1] (Fig. 1).
A. Zhila—Independent Researcher. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 L. Martínez-Villaseñor et al. (Eds.): MICAI 2020, LNAI 12469, pp. 65–73, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-60887-3_6
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Fig. 1. Coronavirus 2019-nCoV. Source: Politis, Periklis. “Reporting Strategies in Crisis: The Case of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome.”
1.1 Host Range Diversity of CoV As far as the diversity of coronavirus is concerned, there exists a vast host range. There are four coronavirus classes based on host range; alphacoronaviruses, beta coronaviruses, gammacoronaviruses, and deltacoronaviruses. Alphacoronavirus and betacoronavirus infect humans while gamma and delta infect aves and fish, although few of these also cause disease in humans [2]. There were only six coronaviruses known as SARS-CoV, HKU1, HCoV-OC43, MERS-CoV, HCoV-NL63 and HCoV-229E, which cause a severe respiratory syndrome in humans before 2019 [3]. In 2019, there was an emerging new virus from beta coronaviruses, which causes respiratory infections and viral pneumonia in humans. To get knowledge of the newly emerging 2019-nCoV, one should know its origin, where it comes from? The first Human coronavirus (HCoVs) was recorded in
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