Analytical Comparison of Classification Models for Raga Identification in Carnatic Classical Instrumental Polyphonic Aud
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Analytical Comparison of Classification Models for Raga Identification in Carnatic Classical Instrumental Polyphonic Audio Ashwini Bhat1 · A. Vijaya Krishna1 · Sathwik Acharya2 Received: 19 August 2020 / Accepted: 28 September 2020 © Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd 2020
Abstract “MUSIC is the divine way of portraying the most beautiful about this world”. With that being said, the diversity in this language of music is immense, to say the least. Broadly, one would be well aware of the classification between Indian classical music and western music. In music Information Retrieval (MIR), raga classification has a tremendous role in understanding the fundamentals of Indian classical music and in a multitude of other tasks like database organisation of music files to music recommendation systems. The paper incorporates a variety of techniques like ANN, CNN, Bi LSTM and XGBoost models for the task of Raga Identification from a Carnatic Classical Instrumental audio (CCIA). The work is initially carried out on a set of 10 ragas and then extended to largely available 15 ragas of the dataset. The data samples for the same were obtained from the standard data set. This task showed state-of-the-art results with an accuracy of 97% for a set of 15 Ragas. The astounding results were obtained without performing source separation on the musical audio track. The process was carried out on the Ragas pertaining to Carnatic Classical music, a division of Indian classical music. Keywords Bi LSTM · ANN · CNN · Xgboost · Raga identification · Instrumental audio · MIR
Introduction Glimpse into Indian Classical Instrumental Music When one delves into Indian classical music, a stark thing that stands out is the existence of Ragas. In simple words, Ragas are a collection of features (like swara phrases) that can uniquely identify a given song. It can be broadly classified into Hindustani Raga (North Indian Music) and Carnatic “This article is part of the topical collection “Computational Statistics” guest edited by Anish Gupta, Mike Hinchey, Vincenzo Puri, Zeev Zalevsky and Wan Abdul Rahim”. * Ashwini Bhat [email protected] A. Vijaya Krishna [email protected] Sathwik Acharya [email protected] 1
Department of ECE, PES University, Bangalore 560085, Karnataka, India
Department of CSE, PES University, Bangalore 560085, Karnataka, India
2
Raga (South Indian Music). It is very interesting to note that the two systems show more common features at the same time lot of differences. The different notes from an audio intercept are called swaras in Indian classical music. The arohana and the Avarohana form the foundation in which the rest of the song is composed. One must also remark the fact that western musical concepts are harmony based; whereas Indian Classical music is melody based. This gives rise to the concept of Raga in both Hindustani and Carnatic Classical music. In contrast to western music, raga is analogous to melody but has more intricate features. It is possible for two ragas to be similar bu
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