Anode Composites Based on NiO and Apatite-Type Lanthanum Silicate for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells
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1098-HH07-02
Anode Composites Based on NiO and Apatite-Type Lanthanum Silicate for Intermediate Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells Tamara Kharlamova1, Svetlana Pavlova1, Vladislav Sadykov1, Tamara Krieger1, Galina Alikina1, Jorge Frade2, and Christos Argirusis3 1 Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Novosibirsk, 330090, Russian Federation 2 University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-193, Portugal 3 Clausthal University of Technology, Clausthal-Zellerfeld, 38678, Germany ABSTRACT Composite materials based on NiO and doped apatite-type lanthanum silicates (ATLS) that are new class of solid electrolytes were studied as anode materials for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT SOFC), with possibility to use both H2 and CH4 as a fuel being payed attention to. For cermets preparation different methods of Ni addition such as incipient wetness impregnation, modified Pechini methods or mechanical mixing were used. The composite materials were characterized by XRD, BET, TPO and methane steam reforming reaction. Doping with complex oxides possessing a high mobility of the lattice oxygen and partial Ni substitution by the mixed conductor were applied to improve anode stability to coking. INTRODUCTION SOFC have attracted a great attention due to highly efficient electric power generation, system modularity, multi-fuel capability and possibility of direct hydrocarbon conversion [1, 2]. To make this technology more commercially viable, lowering of SOFC operating temperatures to 500-800ºC is required. One of the possible ways to solve this challenge is using new electrolytes possesing higher oxygen ion conductivity below 800ºC in comparison to that of YSZ. From this point of view, ATLS are considered as promising electrolytes for IT SOFC applications [3, 4]. Using new electrolyte materials and lowering SOFC working temperatures necessitate the development of suitable electrode materials, which would be catalytically and electrochemically active in corresponding reaction at respectively low temperatures, and chemically and thermally compatible with the electrolyte. Besides, to provide the possibility of using different fuels without any external reforming, the problem of anode coking under high carbon activity environment should be taking into account. There are different approaches to the development of anode materials, but Ni-based cermets appear to remain the most common anodes in SOFC [5, 6]. The present paper is devoted to design of composite anode materials based on NiO and ATLS for IT SOFC application, paying attention to the use of CH4 as the fuel along with H2. EXPERIMENT Composite anodes were prepared using incipient wetness impregnation (WI), modified Pechini (Pe) or mechanical mixing (MM) methods (Table 1). For this, powders of Sr-, Mg- and Al-doped ATLS (Table 1) [7], and those of La0.1Sr0.9TiO3 (LST) and La0.8Sr0.2Mn0.8Cr0.2O3
(LSMC) prepared via Pechini method [8] were used. To prepare an anode via the WI method, water solution of Ni nitrate was added to a powder of ATLS. Solvent excess was evaporated and dried s
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