Antheraea mylitta Silk Films Support Corneal Re-epithelialisation as Inlay Grafts in Large-Sized Corneal Defect
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Antheraea mylitta Silk Films Support Corneal Re-epithelialisation as Inlay Grafts in Large-Sized Corneal Defect Sumana Gharami 1 & Arnab Bhattacharjee 1 & Aditya Konar 2 & Sarbani Hazra 1 Received: 10 December 2019 / Revised: 6 March 2020 / Accepted: 24 March 2020 # The Regenerative Engineering Society 2020
Abstract Objective To evaluate the potential of Antheraea mylitta (AM) silk films for use as scaffolds in corneal defects. Animal Studies The study was conducted in New Zealand white rabbits. Methods Thin transparent AM silk films were tested and compared with amniotic membrane and porcine small intestinal sub mucosa (SIS) as inlay graft for repair of corneal defect. Transparent AM silk films were prepared using standard method. Largesized corneal defect in rabbit eye received films of either AM silk, amniotic membrane or SIS as inlay graft. Assessment of clinical healing by re-epithelialisation over the scaffolds was evaluated by histopathology, immunohistochemistry with cytokeratin-3 and scanning electron microscopy. Results The amniotic group had complete healing in 4/5 corneas by 7 days; the AM silk group showed complete healing in 2/5 eyes, and the SIS had 1/5 eye with complete healing. More than 50% healing was observed in 1/5 eyes with amniotic and AM silk scaffold and 4/5 eyes with SIS. Two corneas with AM silk showed less than 50% healing. Histopathology confirmed the reepithelialisation, and positive immunostaining with cytokeratin-3 and scanning electron microscopy supported the reepithelialisation over the scaffolds. Conclusion This study demonstrates Antheraea mylitta silk films as promising scaffold for corneal repair. The healing potency though appreciable is less compared with the scaffolds in clinical use. Lay Summary Pursuit for an ideal corneal scaffold for corneal regeneration remains an unmet clinical need. Antheraea mylitta silk is endowed with natural RGD sequence which facilitates cell adhesion and has proven to be biocompatible in rabbit cornea. This study shows the potency of the silk scaffolds to support corneal re-epithelialisation when placed into large-sized corneal defects. Keywords Silk scaffold . Healing . Large sized corneal defects
Introduction Corneal ulcers are one of the most prevalent eye diseases in companion animals. Cornea, the avascular and transparent surface of the eye, gets scarred and opaque following numerous forms of insults. Corneal injuries vary from small to large size resulting from traumatic, infectious or neurotropic origin. Early corneal surface rehabilitation is imperative to prevent permanent scarring and loss of vision. Frequently performed
* Sarbani Hazra [email protected] 1
Department of Veterinary Surgery & Radiology, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, 37&68 Khudiram Bose Sarani, Kolkata 700037, India
2
CSIR-IICB, Jadavpur, Kolkata, India
surgical interventions for large-sized corneal injuries like conjunctival autografts require expertise, infrastructure and elaborate post-operative care, and moreover
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