Antimicrobial peptide from spider venom inhibits Chlamydia trachomatis infection at an early stage
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Antimicrobial peptide from spider venom inhibits Chlamydia trachomatis infection at an early stage Vassili N. Lazarev • Marina M. Shkarupeta • Nadezhda F. Polina • Elena S. Kostrjukova • Alexander A. Vassilevski • Sergey A. Kozlov Eugene V. Grishin • Vadim M. Govorun
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Received: 13 July 2012 / Revised: 10 October 2012 / Accepted: 6 December 2012 / Published online: 1 January 2013 Ó Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2012
Abstract Antichlamydial activity of cyto-insectotoxin 1a (CIT 1a), representative of a unique class of antimicrobial peptides from the venom of the Central Asian spider Lachesana tarabaevi, was studied. A plasmid vector expressing the cit 1a gene controlled by a human cytomegalovirus tetracycline-dependent promoter was constructed. Impressive inhibition of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in HEK 293 cells transfected by the cit 1a-harboring vector was achieved. With the use of various schemes of cell infection and gene expression induction, it was shown for the first time that an antimicrobial peptide exerts its potent antichlamydial action at an early stage of the pathogen life cycle.
Communicated by Erko Stackerbrandt.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00203-012-0863-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. V. N. Lazarev (&) M. M. Shkarupeta N. F. Polina E. S. Kostrjukova V. M. Govorun Research Institute for Physico-Chemical Medicine of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russian Federation, 1a, Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119435 Moscow, Russia e-mail: [email protected] V. N. Lazarev V. M. Govorun Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, 141700 Moscow Region, Russia A. A. Vassilevski S. A. Kozlov E. V. Grishin V. M. Govorun Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya St., 117997 Moscow, Russia
Keywords Antibacterial therapy Cyto-insectotoxin Chlamydial infection Chlamydia life cycle Lachesana tarabaevi
Introduction Natural antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are an integral part of perhaps any organism playing the role of either ‘‘offensive’’ or ‘‘defensive’’ weapon (Brogden 2005; Diamond et al. 2009). Currently, several hundred or even thousands of AMPs are known from plants and animals of different classes. These peptides are produced by various cells and tissues (Zasloff 2002; Boman 2003) and usually result from processing of larger precursors (Vassilevski et al. 2008a). On the other hand, evolution of poisonous animals has led to the development of unique attack and defense weapons— venoms. Spider venoms, in particular, are multi-component mixtures of proteins, peptides, and low-molecular-weight components. Peptides appear to be the major part of most studied spider venoms and may be roughly divided into two large groups: disulfide-containing neurotoxins and linear cytolytic peptides including some potent AMPs (Estrada et al. 2007; Vassilevski et al. 2009). Antimicrobial peptides are conside
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