Antiphotocorrosive photocatalysts containing CdS nanoparticles and exfoliated TiO 2 nanosheets
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Lianzhou Wanga) and Yong Wang Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia; and School of Engineering, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
Xianfang Zhu China-Australia Joint Laboratory for Functional Nanomaterials, Department of Physics, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005 China
Jin Zou School of Engineering, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia
Gao Qing (Max) Lub) Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence for Functional Nanomaterials, School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Qld 4072, Australia (Received 13 May 2009; accepted 3 August 2009)
Aimed at designing an efficient visible light active photocatalyst and suppressing the self-corrosion tendency of CdS nanoparticles, a novel composite consisting of CdS nanoparticles and exfoliated two-dimensional (2D) TiO2 nanosheets was successfully fabricated using a simple self-assembly process. The prepared samples were characterized using various techniques including x-ray diffraction, ultraviolet–visible absorption spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. It was found that the exfoliated 2D nanosheets played an important role as an ultrathin coating to suppress the photocorrosion of CdS nanoparticles, evidenced by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer analysis. The resultant CdS/TiO2 composites exhibited enhanced photocatalytic activity in the oxidation of Rhodamine B in water under visible light irradiation (l > 420 nm).
I. INTRODUCTION 1–3
Heterogeneous photocatalysis has attracted great interest because of its potential for converting photon energy into chemical energy, such as cleavage of water for hydrogen production4 and decomposition of organic pollutants in air and water,5,6 since the pioneering work of Fujishima and Honda.7 Many different metal oxide and metal sulfide semiconductors have been developed as photocatalysts.8,9 The efficiency of photocatalytic reaction strongly depends on a number of parameters including the optical absorption of photocatalysts, photogeneration and separation of charge carriers, reaction rate of charge carriers on the surface of the photocatalysts.2,5 Because most Address all correspondence to these authors. a) e-mail: [email protected] b) e-mail: [email protected] DOI: 10.1557/JMR.2010.0007 182
http://journals.cambridge.org
J. Mater. Res., Vol. 25, No. 1, Jan 2010 Downloaded: 14 Mar 2015
semiconducting photocatalysts including TiO2 can be only activated by high energy ultraviolet (UV) light due to their wide band gaps,8 one of the major challenges is to develop visible light-driven photocatalysts to efficiently use the visible light dominant solar energy (approximately 43% of the solar spectrum). Therefore, many efforts have been made
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