Apolipoprotein E Polymorphism and Frailty: Apolipoprotein E4 Allele is Associated with Fatigue But Not Frailty Syndrome
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APOLIPOPROTEIN E POLYMORPHISM AND FRAILTY: APOLIPOPROTEIN Ε4 ALLELE IS ASSOCIATED WITH FATIGUE BUT NOT FRAILTY SYNDROME IN A COMMUNITY-DWELLING OLDER POPULATION COHORT J.K. CHHETRI1,2, L. MA1,2, Z. ZHENG1, F.-Y. LIU1, J. ZHAO1, Z.-Q. GU1,3, P. CHAN1,2,4,5,6 1. Department of Neurobiology, Neurology and Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing, China; 2. National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Beijing, China; 3. Chinese National Human Genome Center, Beijing, China; 4. Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Parkinson Disease Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, China; 5. Clinical Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; 6. Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Corresponding author: Piu Chan, MD, PhD, Department of Neurobiology, Neurology and Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, No. 45 Changchun Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100053, China, E-mail: [email protected], Tel: +86-10-83198677
Abstract: Objective: Frailty is known to be influenced by genetics, however, little evidence on the association of Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype and frailty exists which we aim to investigate. Design: This study is a cross-sectional analysis from a prospective longitudinal study cohort. Setting and Participants: Communitydwelling individuals aged 55 years and older from Beijing region in China. Measurements: A total of 3,569 older adults with a mean age of 75.06(±6.79) years were included. We investigated the association between ApoE polymorphism and frailty syndrome using the frailty index (FI) and frailty phenotype (including association with individual components of the frailty phenotype). Logistic regressions were performed to investigate the relation between ApoE variants and frailty. Results: There was no significant association between ApoE variants and frailty as assessed by the FI. In the age and sex-adjusted model, compared to the ApoE e3/e3 carriers ApoE e4 carriers had almost 1.5 times higher odds of being frail as assessed by the frailty phenotype. However, the significance was lost on the model with adjustment for cognitive impairment. Compared to the ApoE e3/e3 carriers ApoE e4 carriers had almost two times higher odds of fatigue. ApoE e4 heterozygotes had higher odds of fatigue compared to ApoE e4 non-carriers. No significant association was found between ApoE variants and other components of frailty phenotype. Conclusions: Our findings do not support an association between ApoE genotype and frailty irrespective of the frailty assessment tools. Fatigue in older adults is the only component of frailty phenotype influenced by ApoE genotype. Key words: Frail, BLSA II, Alzheimer’s, exhaustion.
Introduction
Mourtzi and colleagues reported the ApoE e4 allele carriers to have a higher risk of frailty compared to those with
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