Application of antigenic biomarkers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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Rodríguez-Hernández et al. / J Zhejiang Univ-Sci B (Biomed and Biotechnol) 2020 21(11):856-870
Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B (Biomedicine and Biotechnology) ISSN 1673-1581 (Print); ISSN 1862-1783 (Online) www.jzus.zju.edu.cn; www.springerlink.com E-mail: [email protected]
Review:
Application of antigenic biomarkers for Mycobacterium tuberculosis* Elba RODRÍGUEZ-HERNÁNDEZ§†1, Laura Itzel QUINTAS-GRANADOS§2, Susana FLORES-VILLALVA1, Jorge Germinal CANTÓ-ALARCÓN3, Feliciano MILIÁN-SUAZO3 1
Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales, Agrícolas y Pecuarias (INIFAP), Centro Nacional de Investigación Disciplinaria en Fisiología y Mejoramiento Animal, Km. 1 Carretera a Colón, Ajuchitlán Colón, 76280, Colón, Querétaro, México 2
Universidad Mexiquense del Bicentenario, Unidad de Estudios Superiores de Tultitlán, Avenida Ex-Hacienda de Portales s/n, Villa Esmeralda, Tultitlán Estado de México, 54910, Tultitlán, México 3
Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Avenida de las Ciencias s/n, Juriquilla, Delegación Santa Rosa Jáuregui, 76230, Querétaro, México †
E-mail: [email protected]
Received June 16, 2020; Revision accepted Aug. 19, 2020; Crosschecked Oct. 13, 2020
Abstract: The study and characterization of biomolecules involved in the interaction between mycobacteria and their hosts are crucial to determine their roles in the invasion process and provide basic knowledge about the biology and pathogenesis of disease. Promising new biomarkers for diagnosis and immunotherapy have emerged recently. Mycobacterium is an ancient pathogen that has developed complex strategies for its persistence in the host and environment, likely based on the complexity of the network of interactions between the molecules involved in infection. Several biomarkers have received recent attention in the process of developing rapid and reliable detection techniques for tuberculosis. Among the most widely investigated antigens are CFP-10 (10-kDa culture filtrate protein), ESAT-6 (6-kDa early secretory antigenic target), Ag85A, Ag85B, CFP-7, and PPE18. Some of these antigens have been proposed as biomarkers to assess the key elements of the response to infection of both the pathogen and host. The design of novel and accurate diagnostic methods is essential for the control of tuberculosis worldwide. Presently, the diagnostic methods are based on the identification of molecules in the humoral response in infected individuals. Therefore, these tests depend on the capacity of the host to develop an immune response, which usually is heterogeneous. In the last 20 years, special attention has been given to the design of multiantigenic diagnostic methods to improve the levels of sensitivity and specificity. In this review, we summarize the state of the art in the study and use of mycobacterium biomolecules with the potential to support novel tuberculosis control strategies. Key words: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Recombinant antigen; Diagnostics; Biomarker https://doi.org/10.1631/jzus.B2000325 CLC num
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