Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Performance Evaluation of Irrigation Project at Disaggregated Level
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Application of Remote Sensing and GIS in Performance Evaluation of Irrigation Project at Disaggregated Level Bhaskar Ramchandra Nikam1
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Vaibhav Garg1
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Praveen Kumar Thakur1
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Shiv Prasad Aggarwal1
Received: 18 July 2019 / Accepted: 25 June 2020 Ó Indian Society of Remote Sensing 2020
Abstract The performance evaluation of surface irrigation projects has been hitherto done at regional or project level due to the nonavailability of a detailed spatial database of irrigation projects. Recent advancements in the capabilities of remote sensing techniques and Geographical Information System (GIS) have opened avenues of field level mapping and database creation for irrigation projects. In view of this, the application of remote sensing and GIS in command area mapping and detailed performance evaluation at the sub-project level (division level) was attempted, in the present study. The command area of Upper Wardha irrigation project in Amravati district of Maharashtra, India was mapped for irrigation infrastructures (canals, hydraulic structures, etc.), crop acreage, and other infrastructures (viz. road, railway, settlement, etc.) using high resolution Cartosat-1, IRS P6 LISS-IV data, and temporal IRS P6 LISS-III data. The performance of the irrigation project was evaluated using eight comparative indicators classified under three groups, namely agricultural performance, water-use performance, and physical performance. Remote sensing data along with field observed data were used to derive inputs for these performance indicators. The results indicate that the project has a positive impact on agriculture and economic growth of the region; however, water has been excessively used in some parts of the command area while supply has been inadequate in the tail region of the command. The water supply in the command area was reliable, however, not equally distributed among all the distributaries. The overall performance of the irrigation project was evaluated, and the divisions, which need immediate attention to improve the efficiency, were identified in this study. Keywords Command area mapping Crop acreage Crop water requirement Performance evaluation Upper Wardha project
Introduction Agriculture sector is the largest employer in India’s economy contributing a share of 16% in the country’s gross domestic product as per the estimates in the year 2017–2018 (Bisht et al. 2018). Realizing its importance, due weightage has been given toward agriculture development. Attempts have been made by the Government of India to utilize the maximum possible irrigation potential for accelerated food production to meet the needs of the ever-growing population
& Bhaskar Ramchandra Nikam [email protected] 1
Water Resources Department, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing, Indian Space Research Organisation, Department of Space, Government of India, 4, Kalidas Road, Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248 001, India
(Prasad et al. 1996). Irrigation potential has been increased from 22.6 M ha in year 1951 to 102.77 M ha b
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