Application of spectral analysis to determine geothermal anomalies in the Tuzla region, NW Turkey
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Application of spectral analysis to determine geothermal anomalies in the Tuzla region, NW Turkey R. Cuneyt Erenoglu 1 & Niyazi Arslan 2 & Oya Erenoglu 3 & Enis Arslan 4 Received: 13 April 2018 / Accepted: 1 July 2019 # Saudi Society for Geosciences 2019
Abstract We used remote sensing data from the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) satellite to identify the mineral properties and geothermal anomalies related to hot springs in the Tuzla area, including the fault system with NW-SE trend, which is located southwest of Çanakkale, NW Turkey. In the study area, the lithological units of the Tuzla geothermal field and the surrounding area consist of Miocene volcanic (trachyandesite, trachyte, and ignimbrites) and Pliocene sedimentary (conglomerate, sandstone, and mudstone) rocks with siliceous, argillaceous, and ferrous alteration linked to the geothermal fluid. ASTER visible/near-infrared (VNIR), short-wave infrared (SWIR), and TIR bands were analyzed by different approaches in order to highlight hot springs in the study area. From these approaches, band ratios were constructed from ASTER VNIR, SWIR, and TIR bands for obtaining geological properties of the region. The geothermal areas were defined by the minimum noise fraction (MNF) and principal component analysis (PCA) methods that was extracted from 5 thermal infrared (TIR) bands as well. Land surface temperatures (LST) support the results from MNF and PCA that were estimated for 5 TIR bands using the inversion of Planck function method. Four days of data including daytime and nighttime satellite images from ASTER were used for the analysis. The used procedure displayed a good match with the ground reality based on field observations in the Tuzla Region. Keywords Geothermal area . Geological extraction . ASTER . Band ratio . Land surface temperature
Introduction Three types of energy sources for electricity production can be grouped as fossil fuels (coal, natural gas, and petroleum), nuclear energy, and renewable energy. One of the renewable energy sources that can be mentioned is geothermal energy which is increasingly used for electricity production with the Editorial handling: Joseph Awange * R. Cuneyt Erenoglu [email protected] 1
Department of Geomatics Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioglu Campus, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey
2
Department of Geomatics Engineering, Cukurova University, Ceyhan Campus, 01950 Ceyhan, Adana, Turkey
3
Department of Geography Education, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Terzioglu Campus, 17020 Canakkale, Turkey
4
Department of Computer Engineering, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey
invention of new exploration techniques such as the remote sensing approach. If the exploration area is in a wide extent, geothermal areas cannot be defined efficiently with the geological survey because of the time constraint and cost. In order to overcome this drawback, the remote sensing approach is extensively used to highlight regional geothermal anomalies and for eval
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