Application of THz Fast Frequency Sweep Spectrometer for Investigation of Chemical Composition of Blood
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Application of THz Fast Frequency Sweep Spectrometer for Investigation of Chemical Composition of Blood Vladimir Vaks 1,2 & Elena Domracheva 1 & Mariya Chernyaeva 1,2 & Anna Maslennikova 3 & Sergey Pripolzin 1 & Vladimir Anfertev 4 & Anton Yablokov 4 Received: 21 October 2019 / Accepted: 5 December 2019/ # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2019
Abstract
One of the approaches with a basically new potential for the diagnostics and treatment of socially significant diseases, such as diabetes and oncologic diseases, is based on detecting the metabolites which are indicators of diseases, including the early stage. The results of analyzing the composition of biological liquid vapor (such as blood) samples by the method of high-resolution terahertz spectroscopy based on the fast frequency sweep approach are presented. The fast frequency sweep spectrometer of the 118 ÷ 178 GHz frequency range was elaborated. A multicomponent gas mixture of products of blood evaporation and thermal decomposition at heating up to 240 °C was analyzed. A number of substances that are products of evaporation and thermal decomposition of blood components were detected. Some processes of the appearance of specific substances were discussed. The proposed approach is promising for developing a method of noninvasive medical diagnostics of pathologies and diseases, including socially significant ones. Keywords Fast frequency sweep spectrometer . Terahertz frequency range . Thermal decomposition . Metabolite . Blood vapor
* Vladimir Vaks [email protected]
1
Terahertz Spectrometry Department of Institute for Physics of Microstructures- – Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
2
Radiophysical Faculty, Lobachevsky University, 23, Gagarin av., Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
3
The Chair of Cancer, Radiotherapy and Radiologic Diagnostics, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603005
4
Laboratory of Bases of Nanoelectronic Component Base of Informational Technologies of Institute for Physics of Microstructures- – Branch of Federal Research Center Institute of Applied Physics of RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia 603950
Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves
1 Introduction The efforts of many research groups are currently focused on searching for metabolites (final and intermediate metabolic products of a human organism), which characterize a healthy state and a state corresponding to a disease or a pathological process. The composition of biological liquids and secretions of the human body [1, 2], as well as the exhaled breath [3], are investigated. In 2004, the Human Metabolome Project (HMP) (Canada) was initiated aimed at creating a database of final or intermediate metabolic products in the human organism. Hundreds of metabolites in various biological liquids of the organism were identified and quantified, and the information on the metabolites revealed earlier was verified. A public electronic Human Metabolome Database
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