Applications of Nanobiomaterials in the Therapy and Imaging of Acute Liver Failure
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REVIEW
Cite as Nano-Micro Lett. (2021) 13:25 Received: 27 August 2020 Accepted: 22 October 2020 © The Author(s) 2020
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40820-020-00550-x
Applications of Nanobiomaterials in the Therapy and Imaging of Acute Liver Failure Yuanyuan Jin1, Haixia Wang1, Ke Yi1, Shixian Lv2, Hanze Hu3, Mingqiang Li1 *, Yu Tao1 *
HIGHLIGHTS • This review focuses on the therapeutic mechanisms, targeting strategies of various nanomaterials in acute liver failure, and recent advances of diverse nanomaterials for acute liver failure therapy, diagnosis, and imaging. • This review provides an outlook on the applications of nanomaterials, especially on the new horizons in acute liver failure therapy, and inspires broader interests across various disciplines. ABSTRACT Acute liver failure (ALF), a fatal clinical disease fea-
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agents in combination with nanobiomaterials increase the specificity of ALF therapy, diminish adverse systemic effects, and offer a
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diagnostic, and imaging applications in ALF. Therefore, therapeutic
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magnetic nanomaterials exhibit great potential in the therapeutical,
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or specific liver cells. In addition, stimuli-responsive, optical, or
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of therapeutic agents and enable more effective targeting of the liver
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in ALF. Nanobiomaterials can also increase the liver accumulation
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of free drugs, thereby significantly improving the therapeutic effects
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hepatic diseases. Nanobiomaterials can enhance the bioavailability
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which becomes an intrinsic superiority for nanobiomaterials targeting
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are currently being developed for the diagnosis and treatment of ALF. The liver can sequester most of nanoparticles from blood circulation,
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ALF is still absent, other than liver transplantation. Nanobiomaterials
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global health. However, a satisfactory therapeutic option for curing
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tured with overwhelming hepatocyte necrosis, is a grand challenge in
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multifunctional theranostic platform. Nanobiomaterial holds excellent significance and prospects in ALF theranostics. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic mechanisms and targeting strategies of various nanobiomaterials in ALF. We highlight recent developments of diverse nanomedicines for ALF therapy, diagnosis, and imaging. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives in the theranostics of ALF are also discussed. KEYWORDS Acute liver failure; Nanomaterials; Drug/gene/cytokines delivery; Targeted therapy; Imaging
* Mingqiang Li, [email protected]; Yu Tao, [email protected] 1 Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, People’s Republic of China 2 Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 3 Department of Biomedical
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