Approaches to prevent and control Campylobacter spp. colonization in broiler chickens: a review
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REVIEW ARTICLE
Approaches to prevent and control Campylobacter spp. colonization in broiler chickens: a review Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack 1 & Mohamed T. El-Saadony 2 & Abdelrazeq M. Shehata 3,4 & Muhammad Arif 5 & Vinod K. Paswan 4 & Gaber El-Saber Batiha 6 & Asmaa F. Khafaga 7 & Ahmed R. Elbestawy 8 Received: 13 May 2020 / Accepted: 18 November 2020 # Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Campylobacter, Gram-negative bacteria, is the most common cause of acute bacterial enteritis in human beings, both in developing and developed countries. It is believed that poultry, in particular broiler chickens, is the main host of human infection with Campylobacter. Handling and consumption of contaminated chicken meat are the usual modes of transmission. Prevention and reduction of Campylobacter colonization in poultry farms will cut off the road of infection transmission to humans throughout the food chain. With the incidence of antibiotic resistance and with growing concern about superbugs, the search for natural and safe alternatives will considerably increase in the coming years. In this review, we will discuss the prevalence and risk factors of Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens and sources of infection. This review also provides extensive and recent approaches to prevent and control Campylobacter colonization in broiler chickens, including biosecurity measures, natural feed/ drinking water additives with antimicrobial properties, bacteriocins, bacteriophages, antimicrobial peptides, and vaccination strategies to prevent and control the incidence of human campylobacteriosis. Keywords Campylobacter . Poultry . Feed additives . Antimicrobial . Vaccination
Introduction Campylobacter, Gram-negative bacteria, is the most common zoonotic pathogen worldwide, with most cases caused by Campylobacter jejuni. Human campylobacteriosis cases have increased worldwide (Kim et al. 2020). Poultry, in particular,
broiler chickens, comprises the highest levels of this pathogen and presents the main source of Campylobacter transmission in humans. Transmission dynamics among the population are difficult to model mathematically (Scallan et al. 2015; Kim et al. 2020). However, understanding the transmission dynamics and the potential effect of the intervention for preventing
Responsible Editor: Philipp Gariguess * Mohamed E. Abd El-Hack [email protected]; [email protected] * Mohamed T. El-Saadony [email protected]
4
Department of Dairy Science and Food Technology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
5
Department of Animal Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
6
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Al-Beheira, Damanhour 22511, Egypt
1
Department of Poultry, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
2
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Eg
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