Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Noyyal and Chinnar Rivers, Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India with Reference to
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Assessment of Heavy Metals Pollution in Noyyal and Chinnar Rivers, Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu, India with Reference to Crabs (Gecarcinucidae)–A Baseline Study V. Gayathri1 · T. Muralisankar1 · R. Rajaram2 · M. Muniasamy3 · P. Santhanam4 Received: 19 April 2020 / Accepted: 3 September 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract In the present study, heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn) level in the water, sediment, and crabs were analyzed from Noyyal and Chinnar Rivers of the Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu, India. Based on our results, Noyyal River is considered as polluted environment due to the discharge of contaminants by various anthropogenic activities, whereas, Chinnar River maintained as unpolluted one due to its tributary nature of Noyyal River located in Western Ghats hills. The results showed that the heavy metals in water and sediments were higher in Noyyal River. Also, the level of bioaccumulation of studied metals and biochemical constituents were higher in the crab Spiralothelphusa hydrodroma sampled from Noyyal River than Barytelphusa cunicularis collected from Chinnar River. The present findings revealed that the crab sampled from Noyyal River had elevated heavy metals which lead to a significant increase in biochemical constituents to overcome the stress. Keywords Noyyal River · Chinnar River · Heavy metals · Spiralothelphusa hydrodroma · Barytelphusa cuniculars Rivers plays a significant role in the hydrological cycle which carries water and nutrients to major part of lands in the earth. The pollutants including heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Ni, Cd, Pb, Hg, Cr, etc.) from various anthropogenic Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02986-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * T. Muralisankar [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Aquatic Ecology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
2
DNA Barcoding & Marine Genomics Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
3
Marine Ecology & Conservation Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore 641046, Tamil Nadu, India
4
Marine Planktonology & Aquaculture Laboratory, Department of Marine Science, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
activities have been considered as major causes of River pollution which leads to harm or discomfort to the biological and physiological system of aquatic organisms, including fish and crustaceans (Govind and Madhuri 2014; Zhong et al. 2018). Some heavy metals like Fe, Zn, Ca, and Mg has bio-importance to animals for their normal physiological activities. However, the elevated level of trace elements can produce toxic effects on the aquatic organisms (Muralisankar et
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