Assessment of paediatric dental guidelines and caries management alternatives in the post COVID-19 period. A critical re
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INVITED REVIEW
Assessment of paediatric dental guidelines and caries management alternatives in the post COVID‑19 period. A critical review and clinical recommendations M. Al‑Halabi1 · A. Salami1 · E. Alnuaimi1 · M. Kowash1 · I. Hussein1 Received: 22 April 2020 / Accepted: 7 June 2020 © European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry 2020
Abstract Purpose The first aim of this paper is to provide dental professionals caring for children and adolescents during and after the COVID-19 pandemic with a reference to international dental guidelines. The second aim is to suggest minimally invasive treatment alternatives for caries management, minimising the risk of viral cross-infection and offering a safer clinical environment. Methods An evidence-based pertinent literature search of different electronic databases was performed in addition to leading global dental authorities, royal colleges, and programmes. Results All guidelines released in response to COVID-19 centred around minimising Aerosol Generating Procedures (AGP) impacting the provision of regular dental treatment of paediatric patients. There was an emphasis on triaging and only treating emergency and urgent cases. Special attention was given to medically compromised children in the guidelines. Detailed guidelines for the dental environment and equipment were given. This paper also summarised the relevant evidence-based guidelines for the use of non-invasive and minimally invasive caries management techniques. Conclusion Specific recommendations for dental management of paediatric patients during and in the post-COVID-19 era are suggested. Minimisation of AGP procedures, and case-based selection of biological, non-invasive or minimally invasive methods are recommended. Keywords COVID-19 · Paediatric dentistry · Aerosol generating procedures · Biological caries treatment · Atraumatic restorative treatment · Non-restorative caries control
Introduction In December 2019, “COVID-19” originated in China as a result of a novel Corona RNA virus (Dong et al. 2020). It has exposed 7 billion humans on our planet to one of the worst and most rapidly expanding pandemics known to the global population since the Spanish Flu pandemic in 1918–19 (Snyder and Ravi 2018). The global spread of COVID-19 has led to mass gathering controls (Ebrahim and Memish 2020; McCloskey et al. 2020), severely slowed down countries’ economies, as it infected more than 6.3 million patients * M. Al‑Halabi [email protected] 1
Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Hamdan Bin Mohammed College of Dental Medicine (HBMCDM), Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences (MBRU), P.O. Box 35701, Dubai, UAE
including the global paediatric population (Rabaan et al. 2020; Yang et al. 2020; Choi et al. 2020; Cao et al. 2020; Cruz and Zeichner 2020; Dong et al. 2020). COVID-19 is a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus (Rabaan et al. 2020; Yu et al. 2020). It is believed to be transmitted via droplet infection or contact with contaminated surfaces (Rotha
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