Assessment of the anti-virulence potential of extracts from four plants used in traditional Chinese medicine against mul
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(2020) 20:318
BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Assessment of the anti-virulence potential of extracts from four plants used in traditional Chinese medicine against multidrug-resistant pathogens Zhonghui Pu1,2†, Huaqiao Tang1,2†, Nana Long1,2, Min Qiu1, Mingxiang Gao3, Fenghui Sun1,2* and Min Dai1,2*
Abstract Background: Multidrug-resistant pathogens are resistant to many antibiotics and associated with serious infections. Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemaire, Sanguisorba officinalis, Terminalia chebula Retz and Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge, are all used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) against multidrug-resistant pathogens, and the purpose of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial and anti-virulence activity of extracts derived from them. Methods: The antibacterial activity of ethanol and aqueous extracts from these four plants was examined against several multi-drug resistant bacterial strains, and their anti-virulence potential (including quorum quenching activity, biofilm inhibition, and blocking production of virulence factor δ-toxin) was assessed against different S. aureus strains. The chemical composition of the most effective extract was determined by LC-FTMS. Results: Only extracts from S. officinalis and A. tsaoko were shown to exhibit limited growth inhibition activity at a dose of 256 μg·mL-1. The S. officinalis ethanol extract, the ethanol and aqueous extract of A. tsaoko, and the aqueous extract of S. miltiorrhiza all demonstrated quorum quenching activity, but didn’t significantly inhibit bacterial growth. The ethanol extract of S. officinalis inhibited bacterial toxin production and biofilm formation at low concentrations. Chemical composition analysis of the most effective extract of S. officinalis showed that it mainly contained saponins. Conclusions: The most active extract tested in this study was the ethanol root extract of S. officinalis. It inhibited δtoxin production and biofilm formation at low concentrations and saponins may be its key active components. While the four plants showed no direct antibacterial effects, their anti-virulence properties may be key to fighting bacterial infections. Keywords: TCM plants, Quorum sensing inhibition, Virulence, Biofilm
* Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] † Zhonghui Pu and Huaqiao Tang contributed equally to this work. 1 School of Laboratory Medicine, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, Sichuan, People’s Republic of China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless in
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