Assessment of the Sentinel-1 based ground motion data feasibility for large scale landslide monitoring
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Roberta Bonì I Massimiliano Bordoni I Valerio Vivaldi I Carlo Troisi I Mauro Tararbra I Luca Lanteri I Francesco Zucca I Claudia Meisina
Assessment of the Sentinel-1 based ground motion data feasibility for large scale landslide monitoring
Abstract In this paper, a systematic procedure to assess the feasibility of Advanced Differential Interferometric SAR (A-DInSAR) technique for landslide monitoring using SAR images acquired by Sentinel-1 sensors is presented. The methodology is named “Assessment of the advanced differentiaL interferometric synthetic aperture radar technique Feasibility for large scale lAndslide monitoring – ALFA” and it is structured in two main phases, which includes pre-processing and post-processing elaborations. The methodology was developed and tested in the Alpine sector of the Piedmont region in Italy, which represents a landslide prone area. In particular, ALFA represents a methodology based on previous algorithms available in the literature to assess the aprior feasibility assessment and post-processing analysis of ADInSAR data for landslide, which introduces three novel aspects such as (1) a systematic scheme suitable within regional practices; (2) the use of Sentinel-1 data and the development of (3) an index to take into account of the kind of distribution of the measuring points along the landslide. The approach was applied over an area extended about 5300 km2 affected by 5703 landslides mapped in the database of the Piedmont Region (Landslides information system in Piedmont—SIFRAP). Sentinel-1 images covering the period 2014–2018 were analysed. The results show the potential of the Sentinel-1 data for large-scale landslide monitoring. The developed methodology presents reliable tools that could be useful as feasibility for the use of Sentinel-1 data for landslide monitoring at regional and national scale. Keywords Landslides . A-DInSAR . Sentinel-1 . Ground motion monitoring . Alpine context Introduction The Italian territory represents the country with the highest cumulative number of deaths or missing people and the highest expected yearly losses of life in Europe for landslide (Guzzetti 2000). Great efforts have been made by the Italian Ministry of the Environment (Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare—MATTM) to map and prevent the geohazards at the national scale. In the framework of these activities, a Special Plan of Remote Sensing of the Environment (Piano Straordinario di Telerilevamento Ambientale) was implemented to create a database of surface deformation measurements by Persistent Scatterers Interferometry (PSI) processing of ERS and Envisat synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data for the entire Italian territory (Costabile 2010). Then, the PSI measurement database was partially updated using COSMO-SkyMed data (Costantini et al. 2017; Sacco et al. 2015). The project allows monitoring the geohazards in the period from 1992 to 2014 over wide areas. With the launch of the Sentinel-1 satellites of the European Space Agency (ESA) within the Copernicus
