Association and interaction of the FTO rs1421085 with overweight/obesity in a sample of Pakistani individuals
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
Association and interaction of the FTO rs1421085 with overweight/ obesity in a sample of Pakistani individuals Sobia Rana1 · Adil Anwar Bhatti1 Received: 24 July 2019 / Accepted: 6 August 2019 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2019
Abstract Purpose Genetic variants determine the predisposition of an individual to obesity in a given environment. The present study was conducted to seek an association of the FTO variant rs1421085 with overweight/obesity and related traits in 612 Pakistani subjects in a case–control manner (overweight/obese = 306 and non-obese = 306). Moreover, interaction effects of the rs1421085 and overweight/obesity on multiple metabolic traits were also investigated, which were never explored before in Pakistani as well as in any other population. Materials and methods Anthropometric traits were measured by standard procedures, while metabolic parameters were determined by biochemical assays. Genotyping of the rs1421085 was carried out by TaqMan allelic discrimination assay. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 19. Results The study revealed a significant association of the rs1421085 with overweight/obese phenotype with respect to over-dominant model indicated by h-index. The CT genotype of the rs1421085 was observed to increase the risk of being overweight/obese by 1.583 times (95% CI 1.147–2.185, p = 0.005). The CT genotype was also found to be associated with higher values of all anthropometric variables (except height and waist-to-hip ratio). Moreover, the interaction between the CT genotype of the rs1421085 and overweight/obesity was found to influence several metabolic parameters (raised blood pressure, product of triglyceride and glucose index, triglyceride levels, LDL-C, VLDL-C, coronary risk index, atherogenic index, and triglyceride-to-HDL-C ratio). Conclusion In conclusion, the rs1421085 was found to be associated with overweight/obesity and related anthropometric traits independent of age and gender in Pakistani population. Moreover, this variant was found to influence various metabolic traits in the presence of overweight/obesity. Level of evidence Level III, case–control analytic study. Keywords Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) gene · Obesity · Anthropometric parameters · Lipid profile · Pakistanis
Introduction Obesity is a complex disorder that is caused by multiple factors [1]. Importantly, obesity is an outcome of interplay between environment and genetic makeup of an individual or a population. The risk genotypes of genetic variants may have more pronounced expression in the presence of obesogenic factors such as energy-dense foods and physical * Sobia Rana [email protected]; [email protected] 1
Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research (PCMD), International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences (ICCBS), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
inactivity [2]. Nonetheless, obesity is primarily genetically determined; therefore, contribution of genetic factors cannot be overlooked. Gen
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