Association between personal values in adolescence and impaired bonding relationship with children
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RESEARCH ARTICLE
Open Access
Association between personal values in adolescence and impaired bonding relationship with children Erika Obikane* , Kazuhiro Watanabe, Daisuke Nishi and Norito Kawakami
Abstract Background: Bonding disorders happen as parents cannot build an affective relationship with children and are associated with their psychological and social conditions. Personal values impact well-being and psychological outcomes; however, how personal values influence bonding relationships is unknown. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between personal values in adolescence recalled by adult participants and impaired bonding using a community-representative database. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study using cross-sectional data of adults living with children in Japan. Personal values were evaluated by value priorities measured by 11 items from Personal Value Questionnaires, and commitment to values measured by a Japanese version of the Personal Values Questionnaires II. Impaired bonding was evaluated by five items from a Japanese-version of the Mother-to-Infant Bonding Scale. Odds ratios of value priorities and commitment to values for impaired bonding relationships were calculated after adjusting covariates. Results: Of 13,920 people selected by probability proportionate sampling, 466 participants with children under 6 years old were selected for analysis. Personal values on improving society, graduating from school, positive evaluation from others, and pursuing one’s interest were negatively associated with impaired bonding relationship, while personal values on financial success were positively associated with impaired bonding relationship. Commitment to values were negatively associated with bonding problems. Conclusions: While a future longitudinal study is needed, the present findings may indicate that personal values in adolescence are associated with their bonding relationship with children. Keywords: Bonding disorder, Parent-child relationship, Personal value, Commitment to value
Background Bonding disorders occur as parents cannot construct an emotional tie with their children. Past studies described disturbances in the parents’ relationship with their children, including the absence of affection, hate, rejection, neglect, or often impulses to harm [1, 2]. Attachment theory by Bowlby described a conceptual framework that * Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Mental Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
the parent-child attachment relationship builds the foundation for empathy, sympathy, and prosocial attitudes and behaviors, and its influence lasts throughout life [3, 4]. Previous studies demonstrated that impaired parental bonding was associated with an increased risk for abusive parenting [5] and emotional and social problems of children [6, 7]. Children with secure attachment, on the other hand, presented fewer internalizing and externalizing problems [8
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