Association between physical activity and conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia
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RESEARCH
Open Access
Association between physical activity and conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia Yeo Jin Kim1, Kyung-Do Han2, Min Seok Baek3, Hanna Cho3* , Eun Joo Lee4 and Chul Hyoung Lyoo3
Abstract Background: Physical activity has been suggested to prevent the conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia in patients. We investigated the association between the continuance and regularity of physical activity and the risk of developing dementia in patients with MCI. Methods: We analyzed 6-year followed up data for 247,149 individuals in the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) cohort of Korea who were enrolled between January 1, 2009, and December 31, 2015. The patients were divided into four groups: those who did not engage in physical activity consistently (Never-PA group), those who initiated physical activity (Initiation-PA group), those who ceased physical activity (Withdrawal-PA group), and those who performed physical activity consistently (Maintenance-PA group). We also divided the patients into two groups: those who engaged in physical activity irregularly (Irregular-PA) and those who undertook physical activity regularly (Regular-PA). Results: When the risk for the Never-PA group was set as the benchmark (ref = 1), the Maintenance-PA group had the lowest incidence of dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT) compared to the other groups (HR = 0.82, 95% CI 0.79–0.86). The DAT risk of the Initiation-PA group (HR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.85–0.93) was lower than the Never-PA group. In addition, compared to the Irregular-PA group, the Regular-PA group had a 15% reduced risk for developing DAT. Conclusions: Although no causal inference could be made, continued regular physical activity in patients with MCI is associated with a protective effect against developing DAT. Moreover, ceasing physical activity could halt this protective effect. Keywords: Mild cognitive impairment, Physical activity, Continuance, Regularity
Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with a high risk of progression to dementia [1–5]. There are currently no approved disease-modifying treatments, and lifestyle modifications have become an important strategy to prevent its progression. Physical activity is considered to be the most important interventional * Correspondence: [email protected]; [email protected] 3 Department of Neurology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 211, Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Republic of Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article
strategy for the prevention of dementia, with previous studies showing that physical activity reduces the likelihood of disease progression in early dementia [6]. The types, intensity, duration, and frequency of physical activity have been shown to impact the protective effect of physical activity [7]. Leisure-time physical activity is associated with a reduced risk of dementia, while work-related physical activity has not shown an association with a protective effect [8]
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