Associations Between Child Sleep Problem Severity and Maternal Well-Being in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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ORIGINAL PAPER
Associations Between Child Sleep Problem Severity and Maternal Well‑Being in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder Christina A. Martin1,2 · Emma Sciberras2,3,4 · Nicole Papadopoulos1 · Lidia Engel5 · Harriet Hiscock2,3,6 · Katrina Williams2,3,7,8 · Patricia Howlin9,10 · Jane McGillivray1 · Nicole J. Rinehart1
© Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract This study investigated whether sleep problem severity in children with autism spectrum disorder was associated with maternal well-being. Mothers of 234 children reported on their mental health (Kessler Psychological Distress Scale), parenting stress (Parenting Stress Index-4-SF), health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Assessment of Quality of Life-4D) and their child’s sleep (Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire–ASD). Analyses revealed sleep initiation and duration problem severity scores were associated with increased mental health difficulties. Specific child sleep problems were not associated with parenting stress or HRQoL. This study revealed the importance of considering sleep and the family system when assessing maternal well-being. Future research considering parent, child and family factors will be important to informing a family focused approach to mental health. Keywords ASD · Sleep · Well-being · Mental health · Parenting stress · Quality of life
Introduction Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-020-04726-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Nicole J. Rinehart [email protected] 1
Deakin Child Study Centre, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
2
Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
3
The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
4
School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
5
Health Economics, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
6
The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
7
Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
8
Monash Children’s Hospital, Clayton, VIC, Australia
9
Brain and Mind Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
10
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience sleep problems at a higher rate than typically developing children, with prevalence rates of 40–80% reported for children with ASD (Cohen et al. 2014) compared to 25–40% for typically developing children (Owens, as cited in Meltzer and Mindell 2008). A meta-analysis including 47 studies demonstrated that children with ASD experience significantly more bedtime resistance, sleep anxiety, parasomnias, sleep disordered breathing, night wakings, shorter sleep durations and longer sleep-onset delay relative to typically developing peers (Diaz-Roman et al. 2018). Sleep problems experienced by children with ASD have been associated with poorer child functioning, inclu
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