Autologous Mandril-Based Vascular Grafts
It is well-known that the number of patients requiring a vascular graft for use as arterial bypass or as vascular access site for hemodialysis is ever increasing. The development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) is a promising method to meet t
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Contents 1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 The Foreign Body Response to Biomaterials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 How to Steer the Foreign Body Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Various Approaches of Mandril Based for In Situ Vascular Tissue Engineering . . . . . . . . . . 5 Change in Tissue Composition in Response to Vascular Grafting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pros and Cons of Mandril-Based In Situ Vascular Tissue Engineering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 How to Assess TEVG in Animal Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Translation into the Clinical Setting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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Abstract
It is well-known that the number of patients requiring a vascular graft for use as arterial bypass or as vascular access site for hemodialysis is ever increasing. The development of tissue-engineered vascular grafts (TEVGs) is a promising method to meet this increasing demand, without having to rely synthetic grafts such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or Dacron, that have limited long-term durability. The generation of in vivo TEVGs involves utilizing the host reaction to an implanted biomaterial for the generation of completely autologous tissues. Essentially this approach to the development of TEVGs makes use of the foreign body W. J. Geelhoed (*) · J. I. Rotmans Department of Internal Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands Eindhoven Laboratory of Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] L. Moroni MERLN Institute for Technology Inspired Regenerative Medicine, Complex Tissue Regeneration, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands e-mail: [email protected] © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020 B. H. Walpoth et al. (eds.), Tissue-Engineered Vascular Grafts, Reference Series in Biomedical Engineering, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05336-9_12
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response to biomaterials for the construction of the entire vascular replacement tissue within the patient’s own body. In this review we will discuss the method of developing in vivo TEVGs and debate the approaches of several
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