Banana Pseudostem Sap as a Biomordant for Dyeing of Silk with Celosia Flower
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ISSN 1229-9197 (print version) ISSN 1875-0052 (electronic version)
Banana Pseudostem Sap as a Biomordant for Dyeing of Silk with Celosia Flower Shyam Barahapurkar1, Roli Purwar2*, and Rajat Kumar Baldua1 1
Shri Vaishnav Institute of Textile Technology, Indore 453111, India Deapartment of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110042, India (Received January 16, 2019; Revised November 23, 2019; Accepted December 30, 2019) 2
Abstract: This research paper is focused on the dyeing of silk fabrics with a natural dye extracted from Celosia flower and banana pseudostem sap as a biomordant. The dyeing process was carried out by three different techniques i.e. pre-, post-, and simultaneous mordanting method. The effect of dyeing process parameters namely mordant concentration, pH, and temperature on the dye absorption and fastness properties of dyed silk fabric have been investigated for each dyeing method. Optimal values of dyeing process parameters have been categorized based on the highest value of dye absorption in terms of K/S value. Optimum mordant concentration was found to be 18 % for all sets of dyeing methods. The optimum pH was examined to be 4.5, 4.0, and 4.0 and dyeing temperature was 70 °C, 70 °C, and 65 °C for the pre-, post-, and simultaneous mordanting dyeing methods, respectively. The color fastness to light, washing, and rubbing of dyed silk fabrics was investigated. Fastness values of light and rubbing showed fair-to-good fastness level, whereas the color fastness to washing was found to be good to very good. The antibacterial activity of the banana sap mordanted and simultaneously dyed silk fabrics was evaluated. The dyed silk fabric exhibited moderate antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Keywords: Banana pseudostem sap, Celosia, Biomordant, Natural dyeing, Tannin
and allergic responses [8,14]. In this regard, biomordants are gaining popularity as a green alternative to substitute metallic mordants. The biomordant coming from vegetation source have metal ion(s) or tannins in their chemical structure for anchoring natural dye with textile substrate. Biomordant such as Pyrus [8], tannic acid [1,15], pomegranate peel [1], Emblica Offcinalis G (Amla) [6,14], Praseodymium chloride [16] have been used for dyeing of silk fabrics with natural dyes. In India, banana is cultivated on about 7.1 lakh hectares area with total fruit production of 26.2 million MT contributing 14.7 percent of global production [20]. In fruit production of banana, a huge quantity of biomass i.e. pseudo-stems, are generated and they are mostly discarded as waste or throws into the farms. Pseudo-stem is a trunk and wood-less material. In pseudo-stem, a thick and very light dusty-brown colored liquid is naturally produced, which is known as banana pseudo-stem sap (Figure 1). About 150020000 liters of sap can be extracted from one hectare of pseudo-stem [21]. The phytochemical analysis of sap showed that it contains tannins, phenolic, and aromatic amino compounds [20,21] (Figure 1).
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