Basic trends of scientific research into the problem of titanium in the Ukraine
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BASIC TRENDS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INTO THE PROBLEM OF TITANIUM IN THE UKRAINE B. E. Paton,1 A. P. Shpak,1 and O. M. Ivasyshyn 2
UDC 669.295
We analyze the state-of-the-art and prospects of the research into the development of physical and metallurgical foundations of creation of new alloys based on titanium and cost-efficient technologies of their production and treatment at the Ukrainian scientific-research institutions with an aim to improve their service properties and, hence, promote more extensive application of these unique structural materials.
Titanium and alloys based on titanium are unique structural materials without which the appearance of contemporary air- and spacecrafts would be impossible. Among numerous physical and mechanical characteristics of titanium alloys, we can especially mention their high strength-to-weight ratio (which can definitely be regarded as the most important feature of this class of materials) and the elevated corrosion resistance of titanium guaranteeing its extensive application in shipbuilding, chemical industry (if this is economically reasonable), and medicine. In the Ukraine, the titanium industry is regarded as a top-priority branch of industry not only due to the traditional application of these unique materials in the aerospace, chemical, and shipbuilding industries (indeed, it is difficult to imagine powerful Ukrainian Antonov aircrafts without titanium alloys) but also in view of the fact that the entire titanium industry of the former USSR (without any exception) was based on the Ukrainian raw materials. For this reason, the first plant aimed at the production of titanium sponge in the USSR was built in Zaporizhzhya. It is worth noting that the Zaporizhzhya Titanium–Magnesium Concern is now successfully working and, on June 29, 2006, we celebrated 50 years of production of the first titanium sponge in the USSR. The development of the titanium industry in the Ukraine was always accompanied by extensive scientific investigations both at the academic and departmental scientific-research institutes and at the institutions of higher education. Numerous scientists who developed physical foundations of production, treatment, and application of materials based on titanium worked together with Academicians V. N. Eremenko, V. N. Hrydnev, and V. I. Trefilov and their followers. These investigations are successfully continued at present. Thus, in the proposed relatively short survey, we have a fairly difficult task to analyze the main trends of the research into this extremely interesting field developed in the Ukraine. The scientific research into the field of new metallic materials (including the materials based on titanium) is aimed at the solution of the following two principal problems: (i) attainment of the maximum possible level of operating characteristics as a result of the creation of new compositions and procedures of their production and treatment and the improvement of the existing materials; 1 Paton Institute of Electric Welding, Ukrainian National Academy of
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