BDNF is obverse to oxidative stress (adenosine deaminase and nitric oxide) in type II diabetes mellitus
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ORIGINAL ARTICLE
BDNF is obverse to oxidative stress (adenosine deaminase and nitric oxide) in type II diabetes mellitus Kakara Divya 1 & Ramesh Malothu 1
&
E. Laxmi Narayana 2
Received: 16 August 2019 / Accepted: 26 December 2019 # Research Society for Study of Diabetes in India 2020
Abstract Aim The relational analysis of adenosine deaminase (ADA), nitric oxide (NO), BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), and TP (total protein) is accomplished by comparing these parameters with glucose levels of healthy and type II diabetes mellitus people. Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is associated with impairment in many domains of cognitive function which may result from reduced BDNF. ADA is an important enzyme that plays a relevant role in purine and DNA metabolism, immune responses, and peptidase activity and for modulating the bioactivity of insulin. Nitric oxide is associated with loss of normal cellular function and increases the generation of nitric oxide synthetase products like nitroxyl (NO-), peroxynitrite (OONO-), and S-nitrosothiol (RSNO). Method In our study, a group of one hundred adult patients of either sex who had a history of not less than 6 years of diabetes mellitus and an equal number of healthy non-diabetics was selected as controls, respectively. Results The results of the parameters were analyzed using the SISA software and the correlation between the parameters was retrieved and represented graphically. A significant increase in adenosine deaminase activity and nitric oxide levels was observed in diabetic subjects when compared with that in controls. A significant decrease in total protein concentration and BDNF was observed in diabetic subjects when compared with that in controls. The results suggest that the increase in the glucose level has contributed to an increase in the inflammation factor ADA and oxidative stress factor NO and decrease in the total proteins especially BDNF, a neuron sentinel. Keywords BDNF . ADA . NO . TP . Diabetes mellitus
Introduction Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus is a long-lasting metabolic illness characterized by variations in carbohydrates, proteins, and lipid metabolism resulting from functional or structural changes in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both [1]. Worldwide, diabetes is estimated to affect 387 million Indians, which is increasing dramatically. The maximum number of diabetes people is
* Ramesh Malothu [email protected] 1
School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh 533003, India
2
Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Yamnampet, Ghatkesar, Hyderabad, Telangana 501301, India
observed between 40 and 59 years of age [2]. In India, about 63 million people are suffering from diabetes (Diabetes Foundation India). Few survey studies also indicate that the number of diabetics in East and West Godavari districts of Andhra Pradesh is approximately nine lakhs. In T2DM (type II diabetes mellitus), when a meal is ingested by a person, blood glucose o
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