Beam test of a PIN-diode read out PWO calorimeter with electron energies from 5 to 40 GeV at CERN SPS
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Special Article - New Tools and Techniques
Beam test of a PIN-diode read out PWO calorimeter with electron energies from 5 to 40 GeV at CERN SPS Chengbo Li1,2,3,a , Xiaomei Li2 , Qiuying Meng2 , Jing Zhou2 , Shuhua Zhou2 , Jian Yuan2 1
Key Laboratory of Beam Technology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Radiation Center, Beijing 100875, China Department of Nuclear Physics, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, China 3 College of Nuclear Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
2
Received: 10 November 2019 / Accepted: 29 July 2020 / Published online: 27 August 2020 © Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020 Communicated by Patrizia Rossi
Abstract The large-area silicon photodiode PIN is one of the candidates for the lead tungstenate photon detector readout in the large heavy ion collision experiment ALICE. The PIN-diode was assembled with the lead tungstate crystal and a low-noise preamplifier into a complete detector unit. A beam test of a 5 × 5 detector unit matrix was carried out on the SPS accelerator at CERN. The energy resolution was measured with the electron beam energy ranging from 5 to 40 GeV. The summation correction method was implemented, and an excellent linearity of the signal peak value of the detector versus the nominal beam energy was obtained. In addition, a preliminary study of the punch-through effect in the high energy range was performed. A bulge of high-energy signals was identified at beam energies above 10 GeV, but only accounting for less than 1% of the accumulated statistics. Considering the mean energy of the excess is twice large than the regular signal, it was probably mainly due to the accumulation caused by two electrons hitting the detector at the same time, rather than the punch-through effect.
1 Introduction A Large Ion Collider Experiment (ALICE) [1–3] is an experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC) optimized for the study of heavy-ion collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of about 5.5 TeV/nucleon. The experiment continuously took data during the first physics campaign of the machine using proton and lead-ion beams [4,5]. The prime aim of the experiment is to study in detail the behaviour of matter at high densities and temperatures, in view of probing Supported by: National Natural Science Foundation of China (00121140488). a e-mail:
deconfinement and chiral-symmetry restoration. The major technical challenge to the experiment is imposed by the large number of particles created in the collisions of lead ions. There is a considerable spread in the currently available predictions for the multiplicity of charged particles produced in a central Pb–Pb collision. The detector consists essentially of two main components: the central part, composed of detectors mainly devoted to the study of hadronic signals and dielectrons in the pseudorapidity range −1 < η < 1, and the forward muon spectrometer, devoted to the study of quarkonia behaviour in dense matter. The central part of the
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