Benefits of Community-Based Approaches in Assessing and Addressing Sleep Health and Sleep-Related Cardiovascular Disease
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SLEEP AND HYPERTENSION (S JUSTIN THOMAS, SECTION EDITOR)
Benefits of Community-Based Approaches in Assessing and Addressing Sleep Health and Sleep-Related Cardiovascular Disease Risk: a Precision and Personalized Population Health Approach Azizi A. Seixas 1,2 & Jesse Moore 1 & Alicia Chung 1 & Rebecca Robbins 3,4 & Michael Grandner 5 & April Rogers 6 & Natasha J. Williams 1 & Girardin Jean-Louis 1,2
# Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Purpose of Review In this current review, we describe the benefits of community-based and “precision and personalized population health” (P3H) approaches to assessing and addressing sleep health problems and sleep-related cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among vulnerable populations such as racial/ethnic minorities, the elderly, and the socioeconomically disadvantaged. Recent Findings Very few sleep health programs utilize a community-based or P3H approach, which may account for low estimates of sleep health problems, related CVD outcomes, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure to address sleep-related health outcomes at the community and population level. We describe community-based and P3H approaches and programs as solutions to accurately capture estimates of sleep health and reduce burden of sleep health problems and corollary CVD outcomes at the level of the community and population. Specifically, we describe seven critical steps needed to successfully implement a community-based and P3H approach to address sleep health problems. Summary Community-based and P3H approaches are effective strategies to assessing and addressing sleep health problems and related health conditions. Keywords Sleep . Sleep health . Community . Personalized . Health disparities . Cardiovascular disease
Introduction Although cardiovascular disease (CVD) deaths have gradually declined over the past 10 years, CVD is still the leading cause of deaths globally. In the USA, 1 in 3 deaths have been This article is part of the Topical Collection on Sleep and Hypertension * Azizi A. Seixas [email protected] 1
Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, 180 Madison Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
2
Department of Psychiatry, NYU Langone Health, 180 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
3
Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
4
Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
5
University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
6
St. John’s University, Jamaica, NY 11439, USA
linked to CVD and, in 2014–2015, CVD accounts for approximately 15% of total healthcare expenditures ($351.2 billion [direct cost, $213.8 billion and indirect cost, $137.4 billion in lost productivity/mortality]). Projections estimate that CVDrelated healthcare expenditures will rise to approximately $750 billion by 2035, highlighting the need for urgent solutions to stem this deluge of CVD and its related health consequences [1]. Racial/ethnic minorities, the elderly, and lowincome individuals appear to be the most burdened by CVD and thus need urgent and sus
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