Bio Focus: Nanopatterned self-folding origami may open up new possibilities in tissue engineering
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vision, a flat material is first programmed to self-fold when triggered by a stimulus such as a temperature increase. The easily accessible flat surface is then patterned by conventional planar techniques, for example by nanolithography. Finally, the actuation mechanism is activated and the material self-folds into the desired shape. The first challenge was how to go from a flat material to a 3D complex object. As reported in Materials Horizons (doi:10.1039/c6mh00195e), Zadpoor and his team developed methods to program soft matter to undergo the desired shape changes. In line with other programmable materials proposed in the literature, they designed initially flat structures made of bi- and multilayers of active and passive polymers, bonded together by an adhesive. For the active material, they selected a heat-triggered shape-memory polymer (SMP) with a 2:1 shrinking ratio, good flexibility, and fast shape recovery. For the passive layer, they experimented with different hyperelastic polymers and investigated the influence of their mechanical properties on the overall deformation. The
• VOLUME 41 • NOVEMBER • www.mrs.org/bulletin Downloaded MRS fromBULLETIN https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP2016 address: 80.82.77.83, on 30 Aug 2017 at 06:41:09, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1557/mrs.2016.253
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