Bio-inspired Single Phase Monteponite CdO Nanoparticles via Natural Extract of Phoenix roebelenii Palm Leaves
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Bio‑inspired Single Phase Monteponite CdO Nanoparticles via Natural Extract of Phoenix roebelenii Palm Leaves Thana Shuga Aldeen1,2,3 · Hamza Elsayed Ahmed Mohamed1,2 · Malik Maaza1,2 Received: 29 March 2020 / Accepted: 19 May 2020 © Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract Green synthesis of cadmium oxide nanoparticles (CdO NPs) using leaves extract of Phoenix roebelenii as a novel natural reducing/stabilizing agent was reported for the first time. The structure, morphology and optical properties of the synthesized CdO NPs were studied by various physical techniques. X-rays diffraction (XRD) analysis provided evidence of single face centered cubic Monteponite phase of the CdO NPs. Selected area electron diffraction analysis (SAED) confirmed the crystalline structure of the synthesized sample. High resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) results showed spherical nanoparticles with an average diameter of 34.9 ± 0.4 nm. The isothermal behavior of CdO NPs was investigated by differential thermal analysis/thermogravimetric analysis (DTA/TGA) and the results confirmed the stability of the CdO NPs after calcination at 500 °C. The diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) indicated the presence of direct and indirect band gap with energy 2.39 and 1.91 eV respectively. Fourier Transform Infrared analysis (FTIR) showed the functional groups of bioactive compounds of Phoenix roebelenii leaves extract. Possible mechanism of interaction between these bioactive compounds and Cd precursor was proposed based on the FTIR results. Keywords Cadmium oxide nanoparticles · Green synthesis · Phoenix roebelenii · Natural extract
1 Introduction During the last decades, the field of nanoscience has attracted great interest because of the distinctive properties of nanomaterials, which are different from those of higher dimensional counterparts. Many researchers have focused on metal oxides nanoparticles due to their unique electrical and optical properties which make them excellent candidates for a wide variety of technological applications. CdO is one of the important n-type, II–VI semiconductors metal oxides with a direct (2.2–2.5 eV) and an indirect (1.36–1.98 eV) band gap [1]. CdO has distinguishable properties of very low * Thana Shuga Aldeen [email protected] 1
UNESCO‑UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/ Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa
2
Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET),, iThemba LABS-National Research Foundation, Somerset West, Western Cape, South Africa
3
Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Sana’a, Sana’a, Yemen
electrical resistivity, high charge carrier mobility without additional doping, large linear refractive index ( no = 2.49) coupled with high degree of transparency in the range of the visible spectrum. These features make it suitable for use in different applications like transparent electrodes, solar cells, gas sensors, photodiodes, supercapacitors, photocatalysts and IR
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