Biochar: a sustainable solution
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Biochar: a sustainable solution Abhishek Kumar1 · Tanushree Bhattacharya1 Received: 20 September 2019 / Accepted: 28 August 2020 © Springer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract The planet Earth has been thronged by a horde of threatening issues since the late twentieth century. Climate change, fossil fuel depletion and various types of pollution, including heavy metal pollution, have hit the humanity hard. Application of biochar has been emerged as a viable option to tackle heavy metal pollution. Biochar is a carbonaceous product obtained on pyrolysing any substance containing biomass. The chemico-physical properties of biochar depend on the type of feedstock used and the pyrolysis temperature involved in its production. Its remarkable properties of high porosity, large surface area, surplus surface functional groups and high adsorption capacity make it an excellent substrate for removing heavy metals from contaminated soil and water. At the same time, it can also tackle the emerging issues of climate change, by sequestering carbon, curtail depleting fossil fuels via bio-oil and syngas production, and it turns out to be a cheap and eco-friendly method. Due to such wide ranging applications, the review was conceptualized to determine whether biochar can be a sustainable solution to deal with the various threatening issues. The review focuses upon production, properties and applications of biochar showing that it can help in partial achievement of multiple sustainable development goals. Keywords Biochar · Pyrolysis · Sustainable development · Heavy metals · Adsorption · Climate change
1 Introduction There was an unprecedented and drastic transformation in the socio-economic lives of people living in various parts of world caused because of industrial revolution. With growth of science and technology, not only did the pace of life increase, but the comfort Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s1066 8-020-00970-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. * Tanushree Bhattacharya [email protected] Abhishek Kumar [email protected] 1
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra Dist., Ranchi, Jharkhand 835215, India
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level enhanced significantly. Ideas have now implemented into reality. Technology became a necessity of anything what one could think of. It became an inevitable part of life. But this inevitability had major fallouts. The adverse consequences of this growth and development due to technological advances are being evident now. Such undesirable consequences are inclusive of climate change, soil pollution, water pollution, waste generation, fossil fuel depletion, food shortage, etc. Recently, sustainable development goals were framed out to tackle the various social, economic and environmental issues. Application of biochar has emerged as a very promising method for solving the various multipronged issues sim
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