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Hideyuki Kanematsu • Dana M. Barry Editors

Biofilm and Materials Science

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Editors Hideyuki Kanematsu Deputy President Professor, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Suzuka College Suzuka, Mie Japan

Dana M. Barry Research Professor, Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering Senior Technical Writer & Editor, Center for Advanced Materials Processing (CAMP) Clarkson University Potsdam, New York USA

ISBN 978-3-319-14564-8    978-3-319-14565-5 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-14565-5 Library of Congress Control Number: 2015930840 Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing is a brand of Springer Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)

Preface

Since the early stage of the creation of life, bacteria have always been main actors on this globe, even though other organisms have evolved by adjusting to various environments throughout history. Sometimes bacteria have caused epidemics and the loss of life to many people. However on a daily basis, many of them have played important roles in producing foods and decomposing many materials (including those that are toxic) back to nature, etc. From that viewpoint, bacteria have been close companions to human beings, either good or bad. Actually, we did not know about their essence so much until recent times. It was in the late 1970s that the notion of biofilm was first proposed. We found out gradually that bacteria in biofilm are the usual form, and that the planktonic bacteria just floating in air and aqueous systems, or growing in a certain culture are the rare ones. Also we have recently learned how different both types of bacteria are from each other. Early on, research about bacteria was carried out in the medical field. Then the work expanded to the area of environmental science